Uniform Circular Motion and Centripetal Force

AI Thread Summary
The discussion focuses on calculating the maximum speed a car can safely navigate a banked curve with a radius of 11.0 meters and an 8.00° banking angle, given a static friction coefficient of 0.870. The initial calculations led to an incorrect speed of 10.4 m/s, while the correct answer is 11.1 m/s. Participants emphasize the importance of accurately representing forces in a free-body diagram, particularly the roles of gravity, normal force, and friction. A key point made is that static friction acts in the direction that prevents slipping, which can sometimes align with the direction of motion rather than opposing it. Properly accounting for these forces is crucial for solving the problem accurately.
AJayS
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Hey guys, first post here! Hoping to get a little help.

Homework Statement



You are a traffic safety engineer in charge of determining safe speeds for roads. A particular banked curve has a radius of 11.0 meters and is banked at an angle of 8.00°. The coefficient of static friction between common tires and this road is 0.870. What is the maximum speed that a car can drive this curve? Use both the bank of the curve and the friction on the tires in determining your answer.

Homework Equations


f=μn
Fc=mv^2/r

The Attempt at a Solution



So what I did was split the force of gravity, mgcos8 in the direction perpendicular to the ramp and mgsin8 parallel. Also, the force of friction towards the center of rotation and set all forces towards the center of rotation to mv^2/r.

Essentially, I had mgsin8 + (μ X mg X cos8)=mv^2/r.

Common factor of m cancels and I solve for V as everything else is given. I receive an answer of 10.4 m/s. The correct answer is apparently 11.1 m/s, so close, but not close enough for a rounding issue I believe. My only other guess is that somehow I've split the vector wrong. Any help's much appreciated, thanks very much in advance.
 
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Welcome to PF;
Notice that gravity acts straight down - so there is no component of the gravity force acting directly towards the center of the turn.

Did you draw a free-body diagram?
You need the vector sum of the forces to point horizontally towards the center - the forces are gravity, friction and the normal force from the road and they all act in different directions.
 
Hi Simon, thanks for the response.

Now I see it a little clearer. I did draw a free body diagram but it was incorrect. I was treating the parallel surface of the bank as straight horizontal. I'm still getting an incorrect answer however.

As I have it, I have the sum of the horizontal forces as the normal force in the x direction (Fnsin8). I am confused as to where friction fits into all of this. If I'm correct, doesn't friction always oppose the direction of motion? In other words, would the ∑Fx= Fnx - friction in the x direction?
 
If I'm correct, doesn't friction always oppose the direction of motion?
Nope - a car accelerating forward in a straight line has a net friction force acting on it pointing in the same direction as the acceleration.

In this case, this is static friction. Static friction acts one stationary objects too - more accurately: between surfaces that are instantaneously stationary wrt each other.

It opposes the direction the surfaces would move if there were no friction.

Consider:
http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSfjwcftYv3-4OgKxziSLn1cHg850F5nLClXo9lngoNk7IXNoqNvQ
 
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