Vector Equation Help: Solve Radial Acceleration

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The discussion revolves around understanding a mathematical equation related to radial acceleration in vector form. The initial equation was successfully worked out, but confusion arose with a subsequent equation that seemed to lack a crucial middle term. The user realized that their mistake stemmed from treating a variable, r12, as a constant instead of recognizing it as differentiable. The clarification about vector notation in the book is also noted, emphasizing direction and magnitude. Ultimately, the user resolved their confusion regarding the missing term in the equation.
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I am reading a book, and I see the following mathematical statements:

[PLAIN]http://mynqa.com/Cargo/Untitled2.bmp
and I have worked it out and it makes sense.
Then another statement comes up, regarding the radial acceleration this time:
[PLAIN]http://mynqa.com/Cargo/Untitled.bmp
This second equation does not make sense to me, when I work it out myself, using the first equation which I had successfully worked out, I arrive at the right side but missing the term:
[PLAIN]http://mynqa.com/Cargo/term.bmp
where does this middle term come from?

I know I am not providing much information as to what the equation is expressing, that is because what I am asking is primarily mathematical. These are vectors. OH one thing to know however, in the book they define vectors with the up-arrow/hat as soley direction, (magnitude 1) and the vectors with arrows pointing to the side as normal vectors, and corresponding letters without anything overhead is magnitude.

Thanks for any help.
 
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Well I found out why I wasn't getting that extra term, is it because I was foolishly considering r12 a constant, when it is differentiable.
 
So I know that electrons are fundamental, there's no 'material' that makes them up, it's like talking about a colour itself rather than a car or a flower. Now protons and neutrons and quarks and whatever other stuff is there fundamentally, I want someone to kind of teach me these, I have a lot of questions that books might not give the answer in the way I understand. Thanks

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