Viscosity -- capillary radius, and permeability threshold

In summary, type 2 Helium, which is a super-fluid, is able to permeate through capillaries that are too small for type 1 Helium to pass through due to its lower surface tension and ability to maintain a lower pressure difference across the barrier.
  • #1
fargoth
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In a demonstration of the qualities of liquid Helium in type 1, and type 2 the fact that a super-fluid can permeate through capillaries which are too small for type 1 Helium to pass through.

I was wondering about the equation which determines the capillary radius threshold under which the porous barrier is no longer permeable. Doesn't it also depend on the surface tension?
 
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  • #2
The equation which determines the capillary radius threshold at which a porous barrier is no longer permeable is called the Young-Laplace equation. It states that the pressure difference between two points across the barrier is equal to the surface tension multiplied by the curvature of the surface. This equation can be used to calculate the maximum capillary radius for a given surface tension and pressure difference. In the case of liquid Helium, the surface tension of type 1 and type 2 are different, so the maximum capillary radius for each type will also be different.
 

1. What is viscosity?

Viscosity is a measure of a fluid's resistance to flow. It is a property of fluids that describes how easily they will flow under the influence of an applied force.

2. How does capillary radius affect viscosity?

The capillary radius, or the size of the openings in a material, can affect viscosity by altering the flow of the fluid through those openings. Smaller capillary radii can increase the resistance to flow, resulting in a higher viscosity.

3. What is the permeability threshold?

The permeability threshold is the point at which a fluid can no longer flow through a material due to the material's resistance. This threshold can vary depending on factors such as the size and shape of the material's openings, the viscosity of the fluid, and the applied force.

4. How is viscosity, capillary radius, and permeability threshold related?

Viscosity, capillary radius, and permeability threshold are all related in that they all impact the flow of a fluid through a material. The viscosity of the fluid, the size of the capillary radius, and the permeability threshold of the material all play a role in determining the resistance to flow and ultimately the overall viscosity of the fluid.

5. How can I measure viscosity, capillary radius, and permeability threshold?

Viscosity, capillary radius, and permeability threshold can all be measured through various experimental methods. Viscosity can be measured using instruments such as viscometers, capillary radius can be determined through microscopy and other imaging techniques, and permeability threshold can be measured using techniques such as flow-through experiments and pressure measurements.

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