DarkFalz said:
What about effects other than the heat? Like possible consequences of the apple being sliced in two rather than staying as a single body. Maybe my question is starting to sound like a butterfly effect question, but i'd just like to understand where the consequences of every choice fit in the whole of the physical state.
None really. What's done is done, You can't go back and run the experiment again with a different set of conditions and observe the possible outcomes.
The butterfly effect is not as all cranked up as it is as a type of scientific lore as in reality. You waving your arms should be causing more disasterous typhoons then a butterfly flapping its wings so. And any helicopter would be then unleashing tremendous weather patterns of havoc all around the globe.
Deterministic systems such as billiard balls are sensitive to initial conditions. Chaotic systems much less so. Complex chaotic systems settle down,around a focus, or alternatively fluctuate between several foci. Feedback from the butterfy flap is washed over just by how a system reacts to all the inputs.
The broad scope of your question is more important than you realize. Nuclear power plants run simulations of "what if" scenarios. The military does the same and explores possible outcomes based on decisions of commanders, troops in the field, deployment of resources. Economics has some of its livelihood coming from decisions that you make - the choice between buying the red shirt or the CD - perhaps the decisions of the executives of the apparel company have more of a consequnce on the future of their company than you as one individual of millions.
Literature and movies, and not just science fiction, explore the concept also. Go watch Chinatown and see if you can figure out if the outcome of the child would be different if the private deltective had not taken the case of her mother and setting in motion all the following consequences and final outcome. War Games ( I think it is that ) - the computer finally decides for the sake of humanity, the best option is to "Do Not Play.'
Which in itself has consequences. You actually have at the least minimum 3 choices with the apple. Use the sharp edge of the knife, use the blunt edge, or do not attempt to cut at all.