Photons in light bulb filaments are produced through thermionic emission, where high-speed electrons collide with filament atoms, causing them to vibrate and heat up. This energy excites bound electrons in the filament's atoms, which release energy as photons when returning to their original energy levels. The emitted light is primarily infrared, becoming visible when the filament reaches around 2,200°C. Unlike gas lamps that emit discrete lines due to distinct energy levels, solid materials like filaments produce a continuous spectrum of radiation, resembling blackbody radiation. The discussion highlights the differences in emission spectra between various lighting types, emphasizing the continuous nature of incandescent light compared to gas discharge lamps.