Aluminium does not corrode due to the formation of a protective layer of aluminium oxide (corundum) when it reacts with oxygen in the air. This oxide layer is highly resistant and prevents further corrosion. The discussion also touches on the stability of aluminium oxide, which does not readily react with carbon dioxide or form carbonates upon heating, as it is an inert and amphoteric compound. The participants clarify that corundum and corindone refer to the same substance, with corundum being the crystalline form of aluminium oxide. There is a misunderstanding regarding aluminium oxide being referred to as a gas, which is corrected, emphasizing that it is a solid that can act as either an acid or a base. Overall, the conversation enhances understanding of aluminium's chemical properties and its protective oxide layer.