What is the relationship between instantaneous and average angular velocity?

  • Thread starter Aristotle
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In summary, the conversation discusses the relationship between instantaneous and average velocity, and how it is affected by changing acceleration. The example provided illustrates how the two velocities can differ and the importance of considering time intervals. Additionally, the concept of the mean value theorem is mentioned.
  • #1
Aristotle
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Can somebody explain to me the reason why? Thanks!
 
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  • #2
Chances are your velocity was changing. The instantaneous = the average only when it is absolutely constant.
 
  • #3
elegysix said:
Chances are your velocity was changing. The instantaneous = the average only when it is absolutely constant.

Say there was an object that was experiencing a varying angular acceleration decreasing over time to zero. Would that mean its velocity continues to increase/change over time?
 
  • #4
Aristotle said:
Can somebody explain to me the reason why? Thanks!
The instantaneous is the average over an arbitrarily short time interval. In general, an average velocity can be over a substantial interval. In notation, d is used for an infinitesimal change, ##\Delta## for a general change. So ##\frac{\Delta x}{\Delta t}## is an average velocity over time ##\Delta t##, while ##\frac{dx}{dt}## is the instantaneous velocity.
 
  • #5
Aristotle said:
Say there was an object that was experiencing a varying angular acceleration decreasing over time to zero. Would that mean its velocity continues to increase/change over time?

If the acceleration is nonzero, then velocity is changing, regardless of whether the acceleration varies. It is only when acceleration = 0 that velocity is constant.
 
  • #6
elegysix said:
If the acceleration is nonzero, then velocity is changing, regardless of whether the acceleration varies. It is only when acceleration = 0 that velocity is constant.
Ah I see. So because the velocity is changing over time, we get a curved position vs time graph (representing velocity) to show that its increasing. and so if we take the instant angular velocity at a single time it wouldn't equal with the average angular velocity (between two time intervals) because like you said, that velocity changes for every time, correct? Just wanted to make sure I follow what you're telling me.

Thanks!
 
  • #7
It sounds like you've got it right.
I'll provide an example for you.
suppose you have velocities v=(1,2,3,4) at times t=(1,2,3,4)
the average velocity over the whole time is 2.5.
The average velocity over the first 3 seconds is 2.
The instantaneous velocities are only defined at a point, so for instance at t=4, the instantaneous velocity is 4.

make sense?
 
  • #8
elegysix said:
It sounds like you've got it right.
I'll provide an example for you.
suppose you have velocities v=(1,2,3,4) at times t=(1,2,3,4)
the average velocity over the whole time is 2.5.
The average velocity over the first 3 seconds is 2.
The instantaneous velocities are only defined at a point, so for instance at t=4, the instantaneous velocity is 4.

make sense?
Thanks you're the best!
 
  • #9
Aristotle said:
if we take the instant angular velocity at a single time it wouldn't equal with the average angular velocity (between two time intervals)
Right, except there is certain to be some instant in the interval at which the instantaneous velocity equals the average over the interval (mean value theorem).
 

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