A typographical error (or typo) is a mistake made during printing or typing, originating from the Greek typos (impression/mark) and graphein (to write). The term refers to mechanical errors in typesetting (18th-19th century) and later, manual typewriter slips, with "typo" becoming popular as an abbreviation in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
Wikipedia
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Key Etymological Points:
Root Origins: The word is derived from typography (1640s), which combines Medieval Latin typographia (printing) with Greek roots meaning "impression" and "writing".
Historical Definition: Historically called a "printer's error," it referred to mistakes made by a compositor arranging physical type blocks to create a "galley proof".
"Typo" Evolution: While typo was used in 1816 to refer to a person (a compositor), it became common as a shortened form of "typographical error" by 1892.
Modern Shift: The meaning broadened from specifically mechanical "misprints" to include general digital typing errors, slips of the hand on keyboards, and touchscreen "fat finger" errors.
Online Etymology Dictionary
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The word was historically associated with "mistakes of the press," while "typo" became the standard, informal abbreviation as typewriters and later, computers, became common.