What is Concept: Definition and 1000 Discussions

Concepts are defined as abstract ideas or general notions that occur in the mind, in speech, or in thought. They are understood to be the fundamental building blocks of thoughts and beliefs.
They play an important role in all aspects of cognition. As such, concepts are studied by several disciplines, such as linguistics, psychology, and philosophy, and these disciplines are interested in the logical and psychological structure of concepts, and how they are put together to form thoughts and sentences. The study of concepts has served as an important flagship of an emerging interdisciplinary approach called cognitive science.In contemporary philosophy, there are at least three prevailing ways to understand what a concept is:
Concepts as mental representations, where concepts are entities that exist in the mind (mental objects)
Concepts as abilities, where concepts are abilities peculiar to cognitive agents (mental states)
Concepts as Fregean senses (see sense and reference), where concepts are abstract objects, as opposed to mental objects and mental statesConcepts can be organized into a hierarchy, higher levels of which are termed "superordinate" and lower levels termed "subordinate". Additionally, there is the "basic" or "middle" level at which people will most readily categorize a concept. For example, a basic-level concept would be "chair", with its superordinate, "furniture", and its subordinate, "easy chair".

Concepts may be exact, or inexact.
When the mind makes a generalization such as the concept of tree, it extracts similarities from numerous examples; the simplification enables higher-level thinking.
A concept is instantiated (reified) by all of its actual or potential instances, whether these are things in the real world or other ideas.
Concepts are studied as components of human cognition in the cognitive science disciplines of linguistics, psychology and, philosophy, where an ongoing debate asks whether all cognition must occur through concepts. Concepts are used as formal tools or models in mathematics, computer science, databases and artificial intelligence where they are sometimes called classes, schema or categories. In informal use the word concept often just means any idea.

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  1. person_random_normal

    I Visualizing the Fourier transform using the center of mass concept

    I found this video on youtube which is trying to explain Fourier transform using the center of mass concept At 15:20 the expression of the x coordinate is given in the video. I believe it is wrong, and it should be: ##\frac{{\int g(t)e^{(-2 \pi ift)}.g(t).2 \pi f.dt}} { \int g(t).2 \pi...
  2. kahakura

    Concept for a repeat-reset rat trap

    I have a been using a very efficient rat trap. I catch many rats in it as it appeals to their curiosity about smells and ignorance about magnets. It is a walk-the plank rat trap. There are more than 30 rat trap ideas but this one is good because of its simplicity. I got my idea from this man's...
  3. R

    I Parallel Transport & Geodesics: Explained

    I am currently reading Foster and Nightingale and when it comes to the concept of parallel transport, the authors don't go very deep in explaining it except just stating that if a vector is subject to parallel transport along a parameterized curve, there is no change in its length or direction...
  4. S

    Understanding a Concept: Seeking Deeper Answers

    I have been trying to understand it but I couldn't can anyone illustrate with deeper answer?
  5. S

    I Bondi ##k##-factor concept from first principles

    I'm studying Core Principles of Special and General Relativity by Luscombe. In the section on Bondi's ##k##-factor, it says: I want to clarify if my derivation of the above claim is correct. The image on the left is what's included in the text and referred to by the above paragraph. I made...
  6. jisbon

    Chemistry Calculating the volume of individual solution(s) [Mole/Atoms Concept]

    My answer seems to be way-off/improbable, so I figured something is wrong with it. From the periodic table, Mr of tetraethyl orthosilicate = 208.33 Mr of ethanol = 46.069 Mr of water = 18.015 Mr of SiO2 = 60.084 Let the volume of tetraethyl orthosilicate, ethanol and water be x,y,z ml...
  7. L

    Understanding the concept of voltage

    Hi everyone! I ask some help in understanding better the concept of voltage. The voltage is a difference in electric potential between two points ##a## and ##b##. It is defined as However, I'm a bit confused with the use of notation: - Is ##V_{ab}## the same as ##\Delta{V}##, or rather...
  8. Buzz Bloom

    I Some new evidence that the Dark Energy Concept is wrong

    The reference in the summary refers to an article which has been recently accepted by The Astrophysical Journal. A draft version of the article dated December 10, 2019 is https://arxiv.org/pdf/1912.04903.pdf . The content of the draft article is way over my head, so I am hoping that...
  9. T

    Understanding the concept of Energy

    Hello all I am trying to better understand the concept of Energy and i was hoping some could help clear a few things up. I have a car that is pushing a box with a force of 10N. The car pushes the box 63 meters as shown below:- I know that the energy which is the capacity to do work is...
  10. T

    Who Does the Work When a Ball is Kicked: The Player or the Ball?

    if I shoot the football, the ball will recive a force in specific direction, and it would follow that direction. Does the work is done by me when I shooted the ball, or the ball does work when it moves all the period after my shooting ? the work includes force and displacement , so who does the...
  11. T

    Understanding the concept of Axial Loading/Force

    Hello all I was wondering if some could help me understand the concept of Axial Loading/Force. From research Axial loading can be defined as a load that passes through the centre of gravity of a members cross section, this causes either compression or tension. The bit I don't fully understand...
  12. S

    Does Michio Kaku agree with Lawrence Krauss' concept of nothingness?

    Michio Kaku and Lawrence Krauss are both well-renowned physicists who propose that the universe (or universes) was generated out of nothing. Krauss, in his book "A Universe from Nothing" argued that the universe was probably created by a primordial "nothingness" with no space and time and...
  13. B

    Advice for a Chemistry-Based DND Concept

    Summary: If I could spontaneously shift an element's atomic number down by one, what kind of reactions could I cause? What would happen if a handful of O2 just transformed into N2? <mentor: thread moved to SF & f forum > Hello, I'm working on developing a chemistry-grounded Dungeons and...
  14. S

    I Rational functions in one indeterminate - useful concept?

    The examples of "formal" power series and polynomials in one indeterminate are familiar and useful in algebra. However, I don't recall the example of rational functions (ratios of polynomials) in one indeterminate being used for anything. Is that concept useful? - or trivial? -or equivalent...
  15. T

    Understanding The Concept Of Moments

    Hello all; I am trying to better understand the idea of Moments. I know how to calculate moments i.e. Distance * Perpendicular Force. My understanding was that moments were any push/pull force that creates a turning action about some point - that is what a moment is to me, I have shown this...
  16. B

    Newton's Second Law for Translation and Rotation

    Answer choices: N2L for Translation, N2L for Rotation, Both, Either1. You are asked to find the angular acceleration of a low-friction pulley with a given force exerted on it. My solution = N2L for rotation 2. You are asked to find the angular acceleration of a low-friction pulley due to a...
  17. hagopbul

    Weird nuclear propulsion concept

    Hello all: I have a small question about nuclear propulsion , why everyone are trying to use it ,and why this wired choice of nuclear option , retrofitting a nuclear reactor to mount it on the rocket , isn't that a little dangerous , why they don't use other option or research it , there is few...
  18. A. Neumaier

    B How to teach beginners in quantum theory the POVM concept

    [Edit 23.12.2019: A much extended, polished version of my contributions to this thread can be found in my paper Born's rule and measurement (arXiv:1912.09906).] Well, it is simpler than to introduce in full generality Born's rule. Everything can be motivated and introduced nicely for a qubit...
  19. Sophrosyne

    Is the concept of "wave function collapse" obsolete?

    Summary: In the past, physicists talked of the phenomenon of "wave function collapse" very freely, whereas now there seems to be some reservation about it. Why? In reading older popular physics literature, physicists used to talk about "wave function collapse" freely and more often...
  20. Guidestone

    Request for historical background on the concept of voltage

    Hi all. I'll get to the point. I've been interested in electricity since I was in college. Concepts such as current and resistance seemed easy to grasp for me but voltage remains a little bit obscure. It's thanks to this forum (specially forum members Jim Hardy r.i.p and SophieCentaur, sorry if...
  21. archaic

    B Isn't the concept of a basis circular?

    If ##v## is an element of a vector space ##V## and for example ##\mathcal{B}=\{e_1,e_2,e_3\}## is a basis of ##V##, then, at least, there should be another basis for ##V## in which the vectors of ##\mathcal{B}## can be expressed, but at the same time, the vectors of this other basis must also be...
  22. B

    AQA Exam -- oscilloscope question concept

    can anyone explain why the voltage reading is negative for the resistor over a time period , yet the capacitor reading always stays positive ? In AC generation the voltages goes from negative to positive, how exactly does this affect the circuit components voltages? I am not sure how AC affects...
  23. B

    Ocr practical paper question on concept

    should n't it be a maximum number to achieve less than 0.5% uncertainty for the last question as you add more disks would there not be more uncertanity therefore as the number of disks for 0.5% is 9.5, 10 would give an unceranity of greater than 0.5% so it should be 9? the answer is 10.
  24. Skyland

    Writing: Input Wanted Blood Moon (Concept): Discovering Ferron & Terrelectra

    This is the official thread for my scifi project Blood Moon (running name, likely to change) **Since my earlier thread got moved here, I might as use this new thread as a starting point for the whole project, and limit usage of the other threads for more specific inquiries about certain...
  25. B

    Direction of the induced current from an OCR paper -- concept question

    I am not sure in which direction this induced current would be I am assuming you have to use the dynmo rule or the right hand rule as this is the induced current, and the soft iorn core will cause a force to be produced in the coil which causes the current. If so in which direction would the...
  26. S

    I Can the cross product concept be completely replaced by the exterior product?

    Do we really need concept of cross product at all? I always believed cross product to be sort of simplification of exterior product concept tailored for the 3D case. However, recently I encountered the following sentence «...but, unlike the cross product, the exterior product is associative»...
  27. N

    B Did Einstein Disagree With Black Holes?

    Not sure where best to post. Local paper has had a couple of articles about the black hole image over the past couple of days. They quote Walter Isaacson “Einstein did not believe, then or later, that these results actually corresponded to anything real,” . Is that true? I couldn't imagine...
  28. Y

    Misc. Brainstorming concept for mobile solar array

    Hello! I'm in the early process of brainstorming plans for a roof mounted mobile solar array as a DIY project. The host vehicle will be a 8.5'x20' cargo trailer. On the roof I can fit an array of 6x solar panels that is almost exactly 8.5x20. However, I actually want to create 3 such arrays...
  29. jdou86

    I Confusion about the Concept of Operators

    Dear all, I've been reading and got confused of the concept below have two questions question 1) For <ψ|HA|ψ> = <Hψ|A|ψ>, why does the Hamiltonian operator acting on the bra state and <ψ|AH|ψ> in this configuration it will act on the ket state? question 2) what does it mean for H|ψ> = |Hψ>...
  30. N

    I Measuring Star Radii with General Relativity

    Hi, I'm wondering if it is possible to measure radii of stars using general relativity, given its explanation of gravity as curvature of space. Thank you
  31. F

    I Infinity: The Limit Concept and Cantor Transfinites

    Supposedly, infininity has been purged from mathematics. Both the infinitely small and the infinitely large have been replaced by the idea of a "limit." For example, a series x0+x1+x3+... is not considered to be a literal infinite sum with infinite terms but only the limiting value of an...
  32. YoungPhysicist

    B What exactly is this concept called? -- Finding "?" in x^2+16x+? to get (x+8)^2

    x^2+16x+? That ? Can only be 64 so the polynomial can transform into (x+8)^2 where the position where in this case “8” is must be an integer. What exactly are these kind of concepts called?
  33. C

    The concept of a force lifting a weight and the work done

    if I apply a force constant F=100N en ##y## direction to a body of mass 2kg, it is elevated 3m and I know that the force of gravity is in ##y## direction too. What is the work that I did? I think: ##W_{me}=(F_{me}-F_{g})\times 3## it is correct? and the work made by gravity is "0".
  34. S

    Understanding Force Components in a Hanging Box System

    Homework Statement A box of mass X kg hangs motionless from two ropes, as shown in the diagram. The angle of rope 1 is specified amount of degrees. Choose the box as the system. The x-axis runs to the right, the y-axis runs up, and the z-axis is out of the page. What is the magnitude of |F2|...
  35. G

    Understanding an Elementary Torque Concept

    Homework Statement All context is given here. I am trying to understand a few things about what Morin is doing. 1) How is proving that f(x) is a linear function, which I understand the proof of, relevant to the claim that the torques at the left end cancel? Also, the introduction of the...
  36. I

    B Can I use three equations for the same concept?

    1. v = u + at 2. x = ut + 1/2 at^2 3. u^2 = + 2ax Can I use three equeations above for the same concept 'constant accelaration' interchangeablly?
  37. R

    I Understanding the concept of infinity

    In Hilbert infinity hotel, all the rooms were occupied. Then how did the occupant were able to shift to their adjoining room?? Here I understand, by full mean, ALL the infinite room has a corresponding occupant. I also understand some infinity number are greater because it can be proove when...
  38. Suyash Singh

    Chemistry Calculating Final Composition of Compounds in Haber's Process with 50% Yield

    Homework Statement 30 litres of N2 and 30 litres of H2 are taken in Habers process with 50% yield.What is the final composition of the compunds in litres? Homework Equations N2+3H2->2NH3 The Attempt at a Solution N2 + 3H2-> 2NH3 intial: 30 30 0 final: 30 - x/2 30-(3x)/2 (2x)/2 so, 30 - x/2 +...
  39. donaldparida

    B Methods of integration: direct and indirect substitution

    I have seen two approaches to the method of integration by substitution (in two different books). On searching the internet i came to know that Approach I is known as the method of integration by direct substitution whereas Approach II is known as the method of integration by indirect...
  40. marosa4

    How does momentum affect the motion of objects in a friction-less environment?

    What would the theoretical maximum possible speed be for a platform on a horizontal air-bearing (friction-less), if the only propulsion was a spring powered machine gun with unlimited steel balls? The balls go one way, the platform moves proportionally in the opposite direction. Ignore inertia...
  41. Suyash Singh

    Studying Master Physics Concepts with Abundant Examples | Find the Best Site for Learning

    What is the best site to learn physics concepts with lots of examples? some site which doesn't show up on google. Like i give example of cplusplus.com which has all topics of c++ programs. Is there some physics site like that? Like i am always confused with pulley,strings, tension problems.
  42. pokemon123

    Understanding Work with Conservative Forces | Physics

    so the concept of work I've never really understood (even after a year and a half of physics classes rip). What mainly confuses me is when the work done is positive or negative. From what I understand the net work=deltaKE or net work=-PE assuming energy is conserved (so if an external force was...
  43. zonde

    I Do these Bell inequalities rely on probability concept?

    This question came up in another thread. I will post again the link to Nick Herbert's proof here: https://www.physicsforums.com/threads/a-simple-proof-of-bells-theorem.417173/#post-2817138 I don't see where the probability shows up in Nick Herbert's proof. For discussion of Eberhard's proof I...
  44. R

    I Concept behind equivalent metrics

    My professor never really went over this concept clearly in Advanced Calculus. The definition of an equivalent metric from my lecture slides: Two metrics: d1 and d2 on a metric space X are called equivalent when there exists M >= 1 such that M-1d1(x,y) <= d2(x,y) <= Md2(x,y) I am trying to...
  45. Aleoa

    What is the meaning of 'relative' and 'apparent' in Newton's concept of time?

    In the masterpiece "Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica" , Newton says: "Absolute, true, and mathematical time, of itself, and from its own nature, flows equably without relation to anything external, and by another name is called duration: relative, apparent, and common time, is some...
  46. J

    B Why Does Vqp Need to be Tangential to Vq in Order for Q to Get Closest to P?

    https://www.physicsforums.com/attachments/221718 Say if we have two particles P, and Q, traveling at velocities Vp and Vq respectively. If it is IMPOSSIBLE for Q to collide with P, let us find the distance of closest approach. So from the frame of reference of P, itself is stationary, and Q is...
  47. Robert Shaw

    I Does the concept of an "object" belong in Quantum Mechanics?

    Consider the following examples: 1) combine a spin 1/2 state (with 2D Hilbert space and three spin 0 states (each with 1D Hilbert space). The resultant state is in 3D Hilbert space. 2) combine the same spin 1/2 state (with 2D Hilbert space and one spin 0 state. The states in (1) and (2)...
  48. M

    Most effective method to self-learn a new mathematical topic and or concept?

    I am quite sure at least some members here have their own particular way to go about learning a new topic or concept. But, does anyone have any advice for self learning something that is completely new or different without the help from classmates or a teacher about? I am self learning math...
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