Elastic fibers (or yellow fibers) are an essential component of the extracellular matrix composed of bundles of proteins (elastin) which are produced by a number of different cell types including fibroblasts, endothelial, smooth muscle, and airway epithelial cells. These fibers are able to stretch many times their length, and snap back to their original length when relaxed without loss of energy. Elastic fibers include elastin, elaunin and oxytalan.
Elastic tissue is classified as "connective tissue proper".Elastic fibers are formed via elastogenesis, a highly complex process involving several key proteins including fibulin-4, fibulin-5, latent transforming growth factor β binding protein 4, and microfibril associated protein 4 In this process tropoelastin, the soluble monomeric precursor to elastic fibers is produced by elastogenic cells and chaperoned to the cell surface. Following excretion from the cell, tropoelastin self associates into ~200 nm particles by coacervation, an entropically driven process involving interactions between tropoelastin's hydrophobic domains, which is mediated by glycosaminoglycans, heparan, and other molecules. These particles then fuse to give rise to 1-2 micron spherules which continue to grow as they move down from the cells surface before being deposited onto fibrillin microfibrillar scaffolds.Following deposition onto microfibrils tropoelastin is insolubilized via extensive crosslinking by members of the lysyl oxidase and lysyl oxidase like family of copper-dependent amine oxidases into amorphous elastin, a highly resilient, insoluble polymer that is metabolically stable over a human lifespan. These two families of enzymes react with the many lysine residues present in tropoelastin to form reactive aldehydes and allysine via oxidative deamination.These reactive aldehydes and allysines can react with other lysine and allysine residues to form desmosine, isodesmosine, and a number of other polyfunctional crosslinks that join surrounding molecules of tropoelastin into an extensively crosslinked elastin matrix. This process creates a diverse array of intramolecular and intermolecular crosslinks These unique crosslinks are responsible for elastin's durability and persistence. Maintenance of crosslinked elastin is carried out by a number of proteins including lysyl oxidase-like 1 protein.Mature elastic fibers consist of an amorphous elastin core surrounded by a glycosaminoglycans, heparan sulphate, and number of other proteins such as microfibrillar-associated glycoproteins, fibrillin, fibullin, and the elastin receptor.
This is a modified problem from the one posted a few days ago. I’ve been unsuccessfully trying to solve it since then, so maybe it’s time to ask for some help.
I’ve changed the quantities :)
1. Homework Statement
The mass of puck 1 is ##0.2\ kg## and that of puck 2 is ##0.25\ kg##. The...
Homework Statement
The first ball collides with ##v_1## collides with the second two as shown in the picture. All balls are identical and the second balls have no speed at the beginning.
Find the transform matrix and find the covariation matrix after the collision if it is ##
\begin{bmatrix}...
Problem statement:
Two pucks of radius 0.05 meters collide as shown in attached picture.
The mass of puck 1 is 0.1 kg and that of puck 2 is 0.15 kg. The initial velocities are v1i = 1 m/s and v2i= 0.6 m/s. (1) Assuming no friction between the pucks, only normal forces during collision, in...
Homework Statement
I can't believe it how my brains stopped cooperating today.
We have the first ball with ##m_1 ## and ##v_1## and of course the second one with ##m_2## and velocity ##v_2##. Covariance matrix before the collision is ##M=
\begin{bmatrix}
\sigma _1^2 & 0\\
0& \sigma _2^2...
Problem Statement:
Moe Mentum and Ken Ettik are playing pool. Moe hits the cue ball, sending it towards the 6 ball at 2 m/s. It strikes the stationary 6 ball off-center, moving off at a 60 degree angle from the original direction after a perfectly elastic collision. Both balls have a mass of...
Homework Statement
Solve for the Velocity of each mass after the collision.
Homework Equations
Pi = Pf
Ki = Kf
The Attempt at a Solution
Okay so I've tried setting up a system of equations to solve for the unknown velocity and angles. The problem is that I can't seem to find either unknown...
Hi, I'm a second year Design Engineering student. This year we're having some basic physics class. We're doing projects on potential energy at this moment. I'm having a problem with the following;
The assignment:
The teacher assigned us that only 6 Joules of potential energy may be used to...
Homework Statement
A small truck is equipped with a rear bumper that has a spring constant of 8 x 10^5 N/m. The bumper can be compressed 15 cm without causing damage to the truck. What is the maximum velocity with which a solid 1000kg car can collide with the bumper without causing damage to...
Homework Statement
A moving car has 40,000 J of kinetic energy while moving at a speed of 7.0 m/s. A spring-loaded automobile bumper compresses 0.30 m when the car hits a wall and stops. What can you learn about the bumper’s spring using this information? Answer quantitatively and list the...
Homework Statement
Two spheres of mass M1 and M2 are arranged one above the other as shown. They are separated by a fraction of a mm. They are released from rest and allowed to fall to the ground, a distance h = 5.0 m below. Mass M2 collides elastically with the ground and then elastically...
Homework Statement
A ball bounces on the floor with elastic collisions like in the drawing.
The collisions take a short time in comparison to the travel between the collisions.
What is the direction of the acceleration at point B?
Why is the magnitude of the acceleration at point B bigger...
ok, so as i understand an elastic collision conserves energy, and an inelastic collision doesn't conserve energy.
also that the energy loss in inelastic collisions is due to the fact that energy is required to "squash" or deform the object.
ok, maybe its just the terminology(it probably is)...
Two blocks are released from rest on either side of a frictionless
half-pipe. Block B is more massive than
block A. The height HB from which block B is released is less
than HA, the height from which block A is released. The blocks
collide elastically on the flat section. After the...
say I have two objects of the same mass. Is the collision always going to be elastic?
mv + mv = mv + mv
the masses cancel out and thus kinetic energy is conserved right?
does this mean that for two cars with exactly the same mass the collision is going to be elastic?
if so, would there be...
Before you go through all the trouble of reading all this back story the real information is towards the bottom starting at KEM1=KEM2=KEt. Hello, i was currently playing with a two separate masses ( a yoga ball, and a small bouncy ball, yes i know juvenile), while i bounced the two objects with...
Homework Statement
Two identical masses collide. one is at rest. what are their final velocities.
Homework Equations
The relative velocities before and after the collision are identical:
##v_1-v_2=-(u_1-u_2)##
The Attempt at a Solution
I draw the final velocities in the same...
In an elastic collision against a wall, where the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of deflection, why is it assumed that friction effected no impulse, and only the normal force did? I can understand if this was stated in the problem by saying "frictionless surface, or whatever" but this...
The basic question was inspired by some other recent threads on the "fabric of space". If we imagine a 2-d spatial rubber sheet, how closely can we make its vibrational modes compare to gravity waves (in the limit of non-relativistic velocities).
It's well known that gravity waves locally...
Definition/Summary
A collision is said to be elastic if the total kinetic energy of all the bodies involved in the collision remains constant.
Most collisions are NOT elastic.
Conservation of momentum applies to ALL unrestrained collisions.
Equations
For a two body collision...
Homework Statement
Ball 1, with a mass of 110g and traveling at 15m/s , collides head on with ball 2, which has a mass of 350g and is initially at rest.
What are the final velocities of each ball if the collision is perfectly elastic?
Homework Equations
Conservation of momentum:
m1u1 +...
I learned that momentum conservation is vectorial, and now, when i read about perfect elastic collisions, I can't understand why they use a scalar conservation. I tryed to use vectorial coervation to see the diference and it's true: it's needed a scalar conservation. But why?
Homework Statement
A uniform chain of length L hangs from an elastic string of natural length L. The upper end of the string is connected with the ceiling .When the system is in equilibrium , the string stretches by an amount L .At what distance from the lower end of the chain ,the chain...
hai friends,
i would like to know what would happen to three isolated point separated by infinite distance are attracted by gravity after collision? similary for four , five and so on... number of isolated masses?
Ball A, a 0.055 kg ball, moving with a speed of 2.50 m/s collides head-on with ball B, a 0.095 kg ball initially moving away from it at a speed of 1.15 m/s. Assume a perfectly elastic collision. Take the initial velocity of ball A to be in the positive x direction.
(A) What is the speed of...
Homework Statement
On the end of ##1m## long elastic rope a ##50g## mass is hanged, therefore the rope extends for ##20cm##. Than we lift the mass to the point where rope is attached to the ceiling. Now we release the mass and let gravity do the work. How many seconds will pass until the body...
Hello! I need help with this physics problem, I've some what attempted it and I need some feedback. ANY help would be awesome!
Homework Statement
Two objects (A and B) of equal mass, undergo an elastic collision in deep space. Initially, B is at rest and A approaches at velocity v. The...
Homework Statement
2 masses moving on a friction less surface. one of 2 kg moving at a speed of 10 and one of 6 kg moving at the speed of 4. at the back of the heavier one is a spring with a constant k=800.
What is the maximum shortening of the spring
Homework Equations
Conservation of...
am having difficulty in understanding this problem and frankly I don't know how to approach it, please assist on how to solve itThey say that an elastic rod is modeled as the half time[0,infinity). initially it is at rest. at the end point x=o, a force f(t) is applied then they give me the...
Homework Statement
I made an example, two masses colliding elastically according to the drawing. i only know the direction of the first mass after collision (can i determine also the velocity?)
I try to solve but i go into difficulties.
Homework Equations
Conservation of momentum...
Homework Statement
In a one dimensional elastic collision there are two equations: conservation of momentum and conservation of energy. by solving those 2 sets we get that the relative velocity before equals minus the relative velocity after:
v_1-v_2=-(u_1-u_2)
Is this equation valid also in...
Homework Statement
A body of mass 3 kg slides on a friction less surface with velocity 4 m/s and collides elastically with a resting mass of 2 kg. calculate the final velocities.
Homework Equations
Conservation of momentum: m_1v_1+m_2v_2=m_1u_1+m_2u_2
Conservation of energy...
This may be intuitively obvious to you and I'm just missing it.
Say you had 3 balls each with a mass of 1g. Each moving at velocity of 10m/s on a 2D Cartesian plane. Ball 1 & 2 are moving toward the origin from opposite sides, so they are approaching each other at 20m/s. Ball 3 moving from...
Homework Statement
A block with large mass M slides with speed V0 on a frictionless table towards a wall. It collides elastically with a ball with small mass m, which is initially at rest at a distance L from the wall. The ball slides towards the wall, bounces elastically, and then proceeds to...
Homework Statement
A light elastic string on a smooth horizontal table has one of its ends fastened. The other end is attached to a particle of mass m. The string of force constant ##k## is stretched to twice its natural length of ##l_0## and the particle is projected along the table at right...
Why is there such a large difference between the elastic moduli of metals and polymers?
Is it because of different bonding? Or something do with the structure?
Thank you!
Homework Statement
A steel ball of mass m is fastened to a cord of length L and released when the cord is horizontal. At the bottom of the path, the ball strikes a hard plastic block of mass M = 4m at rest on a frictionless surface. The collision is elastic.
Find the speed of the block...
1. Two masses, m and M are involved in a glacing collision as seen below where θ and ø= pi/2.
If M = nm what must n be such that the collision is elastic?
Remember if θ+ø=pi/2 then cos(θ)=sin(ø) and cos(ø)=sin(θ)...
Homework Statement
A body of mass 2.0Kg makes an elastic collision with another body at rest and continues to move in the original direction but with one-fourth of its original speed. What is the mass of the other body?Homework Equations
Because it is an elastic collision I know that Energy and...
Hello,
My textbook says that if two equal masses, with the second one of them at rest initially, collide in an elastic collision. The first mass will stop and the second one will have the initial speed of the first mass.
WHY? This makes no sense to me. Elastic collision only means momentum...
Homework Statement
A cone of circular cross section having base radius R, mass M and height L is suspended from its base as shown in figure. The material of cone has Young's modulus Y. If the elastic potential energy stored in the cone can be expressed as:
$$E=\frac{m^ag^bL^c}{d\pi^eY^fR^g}$$...
Homework Statement
problem attached
Homework Equations
The Attempt at a Solution
well, there is pretty much nothing i can write here, i couldn't solve it because this is the first time i face a problem like that , i have some problems understanding it though
1-if we considered the...
1. A steel ball of mass 0.400 kg is fastened to a cord 60.0 cm long and fixed at the far end, and is released when the cord is horizontal. At the bottom of its path, the ball strikes a 2.00 kg steel block initially at rest on a frictionless surface. The collision is elastic.
Assuming the...
Hi all,
I have a textbook question which I am stuck on and should be quite basic.
There is a bar that has a cross-sectional area of 1750mm2, and E = 220GPa.
http://imgur.com/gU29J1q
Edit: okay link is not working, it is http://imgur.com/gU29J1q
I am asked to find the displacement with the...
Homework Statement
A particle with speed v1 = 2.64 × 10^6 m/s makes a glancing elastic collision with another particle that is at rest. Both particles have the same mass. After the collision, the struck particle moves off at 45º to v1. The speed of the struck particle after the collision is...
We have 2 masses: one with mass \(M\) with velocity \(V_0\) and the other with mass \(m\) and velocity \(0\).
\begin{align}
MV_0 &= MV_0' + mv'\\
M(V_0 - V_0') &= mv'\qquad (*)\\
MV_0^2 &= MV_0^{'2} + mv^{'2}\\
M(V_0 - V_0')(V_0 + V_0') &= mv^{'2}\qquad (**)
\end{align}
So let's take...
A simple question about elasticity theory/finite element method:
Suppose I have a tetragonal 2D piece of a linear isotropic elastic material, that has Young's modulus ##E## and Poisson's ratio ##\nu##. The vertices of the tetragon are at positions ##\textbf{x}_{1}##, ##\textbf{x}_{2}##...
So there are a bunch of assignments in physics built on the conservation of momentum law where a bullet of some mass, hits a target of some mass, neglecting friction find the velocity at which the target starts moving. That is all very simple in case of an inelastic collision, all the energy of...
Hi all, is my solution correct? I was rejected because of this...
Homework Statement
Consider a mass point (mass = m) constrained to move on the surface of a sphere (radius = r). The point is subject to its own weight's force and to the elastic force of a spring (elastic constant = k, rest...
Homework Statement
In deep space a 7.0 kg rubber ball moving along the x-axis with a speed of 20 m/s collides ELASTICALLY with another ball of mass = 25 kg. After the collision the 7.0kg rubber ball's velocity is directed in the positive y axis. Find the final speed of the 7 kg ball, as well...
I have a 3DOF gryo with massless bearings and gimbals that is enclosed in case or cylinder. The cylinder will limit the range of motion of the gyro. Please see the pictures.
I am trying calculate rotor velocities in pitch and yaw after a collision with the cylinder wall. The...