What is Transition: Definition and 536 Discussions

A transition economy or transitional economy is an economy which is changing from a centrally planned economy to a market economy. Transition economies undergo a set of structural transformations intended to develop market-based institutions. These include economic liberalization, where prices are set by market forces rather than by a central planning organization. In addition to this trade barriers are removed, there is a push to privatize state-owned enterprises and resources, state and collectively run enterprises are restructured as businesses, and a financial sector is created to facilitate macroeconomic stabilization and the movement of private capital. The process has been applied in China, the former Soviet Union and Eastern bloc countries of Europe and some Third world countries, and detailed work has been undertaken on its economic and social effects.
The transition process is usually characterized by the changing and creating of institutions, particularly private enterprises; changes in the role of the state, thereby, the creation of fundamentally different governmental institutions and the promotion of private-owned enterprises, markets and independent financial institutions. In essence, one transition mode is the functional restructuring of state institutions from being a provider of growth to an enabler, with the private sector its engine. Another transition mode is change the way that economy grows and practice mode. The relationships between these two transition modes are micro and macro, partial and whole. The truly transition economics should include both the micro transition and macro transition. Due to the different initial conditions during the emerging process of the transition from planned economics to market economics, countries uses different transition model. Countries like P.R.China and Vietnam adopted a gradual transition mode, however Russia and some other East-European countries, such as the former Socialist Republic of Yugoslavia, used a more aggressive and quicker paced model of transition.The term "transition period" is also used to describe the process of transition from capitalism to the first stage of socialism, preceding the establishment of fully developed socialism (aka communism).

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  1. P

    Is this transition allowed or forbidden?

    Homework Statement Under the multi-electron electric dipole (E1) selections rules, state whether this transition is allowed or forbidden and state which selection rule(s) has been violated. for He: 1s1p 1P1-> 1s2 1S1 Homework Equations For E1: \begin{eqnarray*} Parity \ changes: (-1)^l\\ \Delta...
  2. F

    I Hydrogen electron transition intensity 2p - 1s

    Let's say we have a transition from state 2p to 1s of an hydrogen atom's electron. The intensity radiated by the electron is given by I = 4/3 ωfi4 e2/c3 |< f | r | i >|2. If we take the the | 2 1 1 > → | 1 0 0 > transition for example, we must compute the following integral : < f | r | i > =...
  3. R

    Finding transition matrix, no % probability given

    Homework Statement Consider a quantum mechanical system with three states. At each step a particular particle transitions from one state to a different state. Empirical data show that if the particle is in State 1, then it is 7 times more likely to go to State 2 at the next step than to State...
  4. T

    I Can electrons transition collectively, emitting 1 photon?

    Basically, I'm asking about loosely-bound electrons, e.g. everyday static electricity. Can their combined wavefunction evolve to a low-energy state "at once", so that they emit a single high-frequency photon, rather than multiple photons of energies suggested by the potential difference? If...
  5. M

    I Probability of one-photon loss from a cavity

    Why is the probability of one-photon loss from a cavity in the time interval ##[t, t+\delta t]## is: ##\kappa \delta t\langle \psi(t)| \hat{a}^{\dagger}\hat{a} |\psi(t)\rangle## where ##\kappa## is the decay rate. It looks like the Fermi Golden rule but it's not exactly it.
  6. DrClaude

    Phase transition in rotating balls

    A very neat video showing a phase transition in rotating balls in a cup. Serves as a good analogy to other phase transions.
  7. Nitheesh

    B Energy released in electron transition

    When an electron moves from higher energy level to lower energy level the energy doesn't released. But actually it should release. What happened to the in released energy?
  8. G

    A Why does Finite Size Scaling shift the Phase Transition Down?

    See the title. I'm not sure that this is the right place to post this question, but I'm not sure it fits any better on any of the other boards. Let's say you have a phase transition. The correlation length will scale as: ξ = |TC-T|ν This diverges on both sizes of the phase transition. Now...
  9. Neil Chheda

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  10. orion

    I Understanding the Transition Functions for S^1 Using Atlas Charts

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  11. B

    Transition from B-DNA to Z-DNA: Finding L, T, and W

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  12. Bill McKeeman

    A Transition from opaque universe to release of CMB

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  13. Xico Sim

    I Transition matrix element and Isospin

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  14. T

    B Could a black hole involve a phase transition?

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  15. Marco Masi

    A Hyperfine structure transition of Cs-133: calculation?

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  16. Kingyou123

    Transition Diagrams and finite-state automaton?

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  17. bondking2

    Transition from the second step to the third step?

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  18. amjad-sh

    I Transition probability and superposition

    Hello suppose that we are dealing with a particle moving in an infinite potential well(a box of length L). Let the wavefunction of the particle be \psi(x,t)=c1\psi_{1}(x,t)+...+cn\psi_{n}(x,t) suppose that after measurement we find the particle at the energy eigenstate \psi_{1}(x,t). Now let's...
  19. M

    A Fermis golden rule and transition rates

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  20. N

    A Transition dipole moment - polarized absorption

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  21. Q

    I Modelling Decoherence as a Transition Out of Subspace

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  22. Docscientist

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  23. T

    A What do people mean by "dynamical phase transition"?

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  24. AstroBoogie

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  25. J

    I Transition rules for a trapped ion

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  26. K

    A Activation Energy of Amorphous Transition Metal Oxides

    Hi, Is measuring the temperature dependent conductivity a reliable way of determining the activation energy/ the dopant level of a wide band-gap transition metal oxide. Also does the activation energy in this case change with the dopants density. Thanks.
  27. E

    Can you obtain a string from a DFA transition table?

    Taking a regular expression and converting it to a DFA with transition table, can you go backwards? I.e. take one of the rows of the table and determine what input string would be accepted for that row?
  28. T

    Why do transition metals have multiple oxidation states?

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  29. Garlic

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  30. G

    Latent Heat of Phase Transition: Origin & Explanation

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  31. M

    Phase transition at high energies?

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  32. E

    Measuring transition on aerofoil

    Hi, Does anyone have any suggestions on how I could measure where the boundary layer transition is over an aerofoil. Preferably by flow visualization techniques. The flow will take place in a low speed wind tunnel. thanks
  33. P

    Transition from one dielectric medium to another medium

    Homework Statement A plane electromagnetic wave of frequency 5×1014 Hz and amplitude 103 V/m, traveling in a homogeneous dielectric medium of dielectric constant 1.69, is incident normally at the interface with a second dielectric medium of dielectric constant 2.25. The ratio of the amplitude...
  34. neilparker62

    Hydrogen 1s 3s transition frequency

    Good day With reference to the following article: https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00506468 The measured frequency is given as 2922742936.729(13)MHz but right at the end of the article, the following is written: "The hyperfine structure of the 1S level is well known and that of the 3S...
  35. S

    Find Transition Matrices for Pd to c Using Given Matrices - Step by Step Guide"

    Homework Statement Given the 2 Matrices, find the transition matrices, Pd to c d = [ 1 1 0 ] [ 0 1 -1 ] [ 1 1 1 ] c= [ 1 0 0 ] [ 0 1 0 ] [ 0 0 1 ] Homework Equations Pd to c = [d] | [c] The Attempt at a Solution Pd to c = [d] | [c] [ 1 1 0 | 1 0 0 ] [ 0 1 -1 | 0 1 0 ]...
  36. T

    Why is the transition in resistance gradual at the Critical Temperature

    Hello. The measurement of electrical resistance as a function of the superconductor's temperature yields fundamental insights into its properties. The Critical Temperature, Critical Current Density, and the Critical Magnetic Field, can all be obtained through variations of a basic experiment. I...
  37. ptownbro

    Energy release and levels during electron transition

    Homework Statement Been looking but can't seem to find any comprehensive help on this. In the Hydrogen atom, what energy is associated with these electron energy transitions: a) N = infinity to N=2? b) N = infinity to N=3? c) N = 4 to N=2? d) N = 5 to N=6? I don't have any relevant formulas...
  38. TheOfficialAB

    Crystal phase transition, Diffraction peak splitting problem

    Homework Statement [/B] Hi there! This is a question from a practice problem sheet I got from the lecturer of my Condensed Matter 1 course. Below are the normal vectors to the {111} and {112} lattice planes: Homework Equations [/B] Bragg Condition: \begin{equation} n \lambda = d \sin...
  39. C

    Transitioning from Finite to Infinite Mass in a Black Hole

    So, according to physicsoftheuniverse.com, "In the centre of a black hole is a gravitational singularity, a one-dimensional point which contains infinite mass in an infinitely small space, where gravity become (sic) infinite and space-time curves infinitely, and where the laws of physics as we...
  40. T

    Understanding transition from full derivative to partial

    I was looking over a derivation to find the laplacian from cartesian to cylindrical and spherical coordinates here: http://skisickness.com/2009/11/20/ Everything seems fine, but there is an instance (I have attached a screenshot) where implicit differentiation is done to find $$ \frac {\partial...
  41. S

    Engineering Navigating the Transition from Academic to Industrial R&D

    Greetings, I am a master's student in engineering at Koç University(İstanbul/Turkey) and my bachelor's degree is in Physics from Middle East Technical University(Ankara/Turkey). After I finish my master's I would like to pursue a career in industrial R&D abroad; however, it seems that my...
  42. E

    What's the condition for absence of interband transition

    what's the condition for absence of interband transition in uniform electric or magnetic fields?
  43. G

    What is a phase transition in the context of an ising glass?

    The wikipedia article mentions that the model allows for "phase transitions" but doesn't specify what it means by this? What is a phase transition in the context of an ising spin glass? Is it when the mathematical model of a magnet, changes from solid to liquid? In this paper...
  44. M

    Transition dipole moment: cause or result of interaction?

    According to the wikipedia article about the transition dipole moment: When an atom or molecule interacts with an electromagnetic wave of frequency , it can undergo a transition from an initial to a final state of energy difference through the coupling of the electromagnetic field to the...
  45. S

    Untwisted Nematic Frederick's Transition

    I am interested in understanding the behavior of an untwisted nematic liquid crystal cell undergoing a Frederick's transition.It would seem that, by far, the twisted nematic structure is used and studied more than the untwisted/homogeneous nematic configuration. I can find lots of examples that...
  46. M

    Transition Matrices - Worded Problem

    A very small country town has a population that can be grouped according to three categories: adults teenagers and children. Each year statistics show that: Children are born at the rate of 4% of the adult population 12% of children become teenagers 15% of teenagers become adults 0.5% of...
  47. mss90

    Value of n for the energy level transition that produce lamb

    Homework Statement A wavelenght of 410.2*10^-9m is emitted by the hydrogen atom in a high voltage discharge tube. what are the initial and final values of the quantum number n for the energy lvl transition that produces this wavelength? Homework Equations 1/(lambda) = R * (1/2^2 - 1/n^2)...
  48. Martinus de Wet

    Transition to Physics: Tips for Newbies from a Finance Background

    Ahooi! Newbie here. I guess I am a bit of a late developer. Whereas I often meet physics majors who wish to move to the world of finance and make big bucks, I am quite the opposite. I have an MS in Finance, work in banking, but have always gravitated towards the technological side of things...
  49. A

    What is a topological phase transition and how is it characterized?

    I have just been reading a classical paper on the formation of majorana edge states (MES) in quantum wires. The hamiltonian is Kitaev type with a superconducting and spin-orbit interacting and one finds that the energies have a gap that closes and reopens as we vary the magnetic field. According...
  50. S

    Electronic Transition of Atoms

    Suppose we have an isolated H atom. We are looking its electronic transition. If we plot the intensity of the radiation vs frequency then what will be the nature of the curve and why??
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