Calculating Work Done on Body by Friction: Compare Results

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In summary, the force of friction on a body (moving along a surface at constant speed) can be approximated by -F \hat{v}. The work done in moving the body from r to r+dr (along a given path) is dW = F . dr= -F ds.
  • #1
stunner5000pt
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The froce of friction on a body (moving along a surface at constant speed) can be approximated by [itex] \vec{F} = -F \hat{v}[/itex], where F is a positive constant and [itex] \hat{v} = \frac{\vec{v}}{|\vec{v}|} [/itex] is the unit vector in teh direction of [itex] \vec{v} = \dot{\vec{r}} [/itex] (the velocity of the body)

Prove that hte work done in moving the body from r to r+dr (along a given path) ie dW = F . dr= -F ds in this case where
[itex] ds^2 = d\vec{r}^2 = dx^2 + dy^2 + dz^2 [/itex] where ds iteh element of arc length along the path of the body


Hint: [tex] \frac{\frac{d\vec{r}}{dt}}{|\frac{d\vec{r}}{dt}|} = \frac{d\vec{r}}{|d\vec{r}|} [/tex] and [tex] |d\vec{r}| = \sqrt{d\vec{r} \bullet d\vec{r}} = \sqrt{d\vec{r}^2} = ds [/tex]

ok since v hat can be written like the hint and the denominator can be written like ds so
[tex] \vec{F} \bullet d\vec{r} = -F \frac{d\vec{r}}{ds} \bullet d\vec{r} [/tex]
since dr dot dr is ismply dr^2 which is ds^2 we get what we want.
Is this fine?

If the body is moved along a level floor (in which we take to be the xy plane) from the point (0,0) to (1,1) along two different paths
(i) The straight line through (0,0) and (1,1)
(ii) along teh parabola y = x^2
Calculate the work done in teh two cases and compare the results


Im wondering if they mean the work done by the force of friction of the work done by the person pushing the box

If it was the work done by the friction could we even calculate it without any time given?

Please help! Thanks in advance!
 
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  • #2
i asked my prof and he says that the work done should be the work done by the friction

so in this case for the straight line y=x, since we derivaed the dW = -F ds
but what is ds?
is it something like this?
[tex] ds = \sqrt{dx^2 + dy^2} [/tex]

in cartesian coordiantes what would be the limits of integration... since x and y would be inmtergrated separately?

so then would it be like this?
[tex] W = \int_{y=0}^{y=1} \int_{x=0}^{x=1} \sqrt{dx^2 + dy^2} [/tex]
but htis doesn't make sense because the differe\ntials themselves can't be under roots?
Please help!
Thank you!
 
  • #3
can anyone help... offer some guidance as to what to do here?

your help and input is always greatly appreciated!
 
  • #4
a friend of mine said that the answer for the part where the block is moved along the straight path form (0,0) to (1,1)
[tex] W = \int_{0}^{1} \int_{0}^{1} F (1,1) \bullet (1,1) dx dy [/tex] but I am not quite sure about why he did the dot product?

for the y=x^2 path he suggested that one does this
[tex] W = \int_{0}^{1} \int_{y=0}^{y=x^2} F (1,1) \bullet (1,1) dx dy [/tex]

same thing here, how did he get the dot product?
 

1. How is the work done on a body by friction calculated?

The work done on a body by friction is calculated by multiplying the force of friction by the distance over which the friction acts. This can be represented by the formula W = Fd, where W is the work done, F is the force of friction, and d is the distance over which the friction acts.

2. What units are used to measure work done on a body by friction?

The units used to measure work done on a body by friction are joules (J) in the International System of Units (SI). In other systems, the units may be different, such as foot-pounds (ft-lb) in the British system.

3. How does the work done on a body by friction compare to the work done by other forces?

The work done by friction is a type of mechanical work, meaning it is the result of a force acting over a distance. It is similar to work done by other forces, such as gravity or applied forces, in that it involves the transfer of energy. However, unlike other forces, the work done by friction is always negative, meaning it decreases the energy of the system.

4. Can the work done on a body by friction ever be positive?

In most cases, the work done on a body by friction will be negative, as it always acts in the opposite direction of motion. However, in some situations, such as when a body is sliding up an incline, the work done by friction may be positive, as it helps to increase the body's energy by slowing it down.

5. How can the results of calculating work done on a body by friction be compared?

The results of calculating work done on a body by friction can be compared to the work done by other forces in the system. If the total work done by all forces is negative, it means the energy of the system has decreased. If the total work done is positive, it means the energy of the system has increased. Additionally, the results can be compared to theoretical calculations or experimental data to ensure accuracy.

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