Differential Equation Solutions and Analytic Restrictions: A Proof

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on proving that if two analytic solutions, y_1 and y_2, of the differential equation y'' + p_1(z)y' + p_0(z)y = 0 exist in a domain and satisfy the condition y_1y_2' ≠ y_1'y_2, then the functions p_0(z) and p_1(z) must also be analytic. The participants suggest expanding the solutions in power series and using inequalities to derive relationships between the coefficients. Ultimately, the discussion emphasizes the need to express p_0 and p_1 in terms of y_1, y_2, and their derivatives to establish their analyticity.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of differential equations, specifically second-order linear equations.
  • Familiarity with analytic functions and their properties.
  • Knowledge of power series expansions and their convergence.
  • Basic skills in manipulating inequalities and algebraic expressions.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the properties of analytic functions and their implications in differential equations.
  • Learn about power series solutions to differential equations, focusing on convergence criteria.
  • Explore the method of undetermined coefficients for solving linear differential equations.
  • Investigate the implications of Wronskian determinants in the context of differential equations.
USEFUL FOR

This discussion is beneficial for mathematicians, students studying differential equations, and researchers interested in the properties of analytic solutions in mathematical analysis.

NeoDevin
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Homework Statement


Show that if two (analytic) solutions y_1, y_2 to the differential equation for y(z) : y'' + p_1(z)y' + p_0(z)y = 0 exist in some domain and y_1y_2' \neq y_1'y_2 in that domain then p_0(z) and p_1(z) are restricted to be analytic.


2. The attempt at a solution
Expanding y_1 and y_2 in power series

y_1(z) = \sum_n a_n(x-x_0)^n

y_2(z) = \sum_n b_n(x-x_0)^n

and using the inequality gives that there exists an n such that

\sum_{i=0}^nib_ia_{n-i+1} \neq \sum_{i=0}^n(n-i+1)b_ia_{n-i+1}

That's all I've gotten so far, I don't even know for sure if I'm on the right track, or way out to lunch. Any help would be appreciated.
 
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Put the two solutions into the differential equation giving you two equations for the functions p0 and p1. Can you solve for p0 and p1 in terms of y's and their derivatives? I think you can since that's what y1*y2'!=y2*y1' is telling you.
 
Thanks, got it. I was going in the totally wrong direction on that one.
 

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