Insolation specifically refers to the amount of solar radiation that reaches the Earth's surface, measured in watts per square meter, and varies based on time, season, and location. It is influenced by atmospheric conditions that can reflect, absorb, or scatter incoming solar energy. In contrast, solar radiation is a broader term that includes all electromagnetic energy emitted by the sun, encompassing visible light, infrared, and ultraviolet radiation. While both terms are related to solar energy, insolation focuses on what actually reaches the ground. Understanding this distinction is crucial for fields like meteorology and solar energy utilization.