How do proteins get into the blood stream?

AI Thread Summary
Insulin, when injected subcutaneously, enters the bloodstream through lymphatic capillaries, which are permeable to proteins. Unlike blood capillaries, lymphatic capillaries lack tight intercellular junctions, allowing various molecules, including larger proteins like insulin, to pass through. This mechanism explains how proteins can enter the bloodstream despite their size, addressing concerns about the permeability of capillary walls.
Tanarif
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Hi there,

So I'm asking this in reference to the injection of insulin, which is commonly done subcutaneously (in the hypodermis, a fatty part of skin). Now I know proteins usually get into the blood when digested through the stomach/intestines - but I was wondering how they manage to get into the blood when injected into muscles/fat? I know there are capillaries pretty much everywhere, but from what I've researched proteins are too large to get through capillary walls.

That begs the question then, how do proteins manage to get into the blood stream when injected? I can't really envisage large capillaries, because surely they'd have huge holes in them or whatever to allow large proteins like insulin in. Any help on this one?

Cheers
 
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Tanarif said:
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That begs the question then, how do proteins manage to get into the blood stream when injected? I can't really envisage large capillaries, because surely they'd have huge holes in them or whatever to allow large proteins like insulin in. Any help on this one?

Cheers

Lymphatic capillaries are permeable to proteins. They lack tight intercellular junctions and are permeable to many kinds of molecules.

http://jcb.rupress.org/content/50/2/300.full.pdf
 
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SW VandeCarr said:
Lymphatic capillaries are permeable to proteins. They lack tight intercellular junctions and are permeable to many kinds of molecules.

http://jcb.rupress.org/content/50/2/300.full.pdf

Ah thanks a ton, precisely what I was looking for.
 
Popular article referring to the BA.2 variant: Popular article: (many words, little data) https://www.cnn.com/2022/02/17/health/ba-2-covid-severity/index.html Preprint article referring to the BA.2 variant: Preprint article: (At 52 pages, too many words!) https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.02.14.480335v1.full.pdf [edited 1hr. after posting: Added preprint Abstract] Cheers, Tom
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