Highest second ionization energy of elements

AI Thread Summary
The discussion focuses on determining which element has the highest second ionization energy in specific sets: Na, Mg, Al; Na, K, Fe; and Li, Be, Mg. To find the highest second ionization energy, one must consider the effective nuclear charge and electron configuration of the elements. Generally, elements with a higher nuclear charge and fewer electrons in the outer shell will exhibit higher ionization energies. The provided links offer visual aids to understand trends in ionization energies. Understanding these principles is crucial for accurately predicting ionization energy trends among elements.
jewilki1
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Which element in each of the following sets would you expect to have the highest second ionization energy? How do I figure this out?

a. Na, Mg, Al b. Na, K, Fe c. Li, Be, Mg

Can you help me?

Thanks
 
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