Atom Definition and 999 Threads

You see hydrogen electron energy states labeled as 1s1/2, 2s1/2, 2p1/2 and 2p3/2. My confussion may be with understanding the definitions, but does not the 2s1/2 state imply that there are 2 electrons around as the 1st s orbital is filled. But, by definition doesn't that mean you are dealing...

Homework Statement How do we know that matter consist of atom? Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution

lets say i have a hydrogen atom and i shoot a photon at it but the photon does not have enough energy to kick the electron to the next energy level , does the electron absorb the photon and if it does what happens ?

Homework Statement Question 1 An alpha particle traveling at velocity u makes an oblique elastic collision with a helium atom moving with a velocity which is negligible compared to u. After the collision the alpha particle moves in the direction inclined at 30 degrees to its initial direction...

as we know when a particular energy is given to a neutral atom an electron from ground state jump to upper state (absorbing the energy). and that excited electron after sometime by releasing energy jump again to its ground state. my confusion is that firstly does this transition of electron...

Homework Statement Polonium has a simple cubic structure at room temperature. Given that the mass density of solid ^{209}_{84}Po is 9.2gcm^-3 , calculate the diameter. The Attempt at a Solution Volume = mass/density = 209/ 9.2 = 22.7 cm^3 1 mole = 6.02 x10^23 mol^-1 22.7 / 6.02x10^23 = 3.77...

Hi there! If I want to find the eigenstates of the hydrogen atom in QM I start with the hamiltonian of a free particle in a Coulomb potential. But an electron in a coulomb potential is stable in classical mechanics too! The instability of the system comes from the fact that the electron...

Homework Statement What energy (in eV) is required to remove the remaining electron from a singly ionized helium atom, He+ (Z = 2)? (a) 3.40 eV (c) 27.2 eV (e) 76.9 eV (b) 13.6 eV (d) 54.4 eV Homework Equations Ei - Ef = hf The Attempt at a Solution Ef: the 1st level Ei...

Homework Statement Diagram not to scale: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy (J) n = 3 ----------------------------------------… - 0.24x10^-16 n = 2 ----------------------------------------… - 0.54x10^-18 n = 1...

1. The problem statement A hydrogen atom has an electron in the fundamental state. a. Show that a radiation with λ = 50 nm will ionize the atom. b. What will be the excess kinetic energy of the electron in joules? What is this question asking? Is it asking what wavelength will free...

Homework Statement Find the wavelength of the radiation emitted when a hydrogen atom makes a transition from the n = 6 to the n = 3 state. Give answer in µm. Homework Equations z^2 / n^2 x 13.6ev delta E = E2 - E1 = hv The Attempt at a...

The system is at the state of Φ=aY_11+bY_20 (a^2+b^2=1),please find the possible eigenfunctions of Lx and the relevant possibilities? My solution: I have attempted to use the matrix mechanics to work out the exercise,but I should work out a 8-order matrix. Firstly I use the Fmn=〈m︳F|n〉to...

Once it was thought that electrons was orbiting nucleus almost like planet the Sun. But this could not be correct because then would the electron lose their energy and spiral into the core. My question is how such orbit energy lost can be calculated. This is not homework.

Homework Statement according to proust, all the elements are made up of atoms of hydrogen. what does this statement mean? does it mean that all elements have only onoe proton and one electron like hydrogen. i know this theory was discarded but i can't understand the statement. for example...

1. The most probable point a 1s electron will be found in the hydrogen atom is r = 0. 2. The most probable distance that a 1s electron will be found in the hydrogen atom is r = 0. 3. For a hydrogen atom with l (lower case L) = 0, Ψ is independent of the angles Θ and Φ. 4. For a hydrogen atom...

how do i make a hydrogen atom , if i shoot an electron by a proton will it start to orbit the proton , what dictates whether it will orbit or not .

Homework Statement A mass spectrometer yields the following data for a beam of doubly ionized atoms of a single element. B = 8.0*10^-2 T q = 2(1.60*10^-19 C) r = 0.077 m V = 156 V I am asked to solve for Mass (m) in kg. Homework Equations q/m=((2V)/((B^2)*(r^2))) I am only...

Homework Statement Comparing the hydrogen atom orbitals to an infinite square well. a.) For the hydrogen atom, what is the energy difference between the ground state and the next energy level? b.) Now 'tune' an infinite square well holding a single electron so that it has the same energy...

I am reading about this for the first time. The Kronig-Penny model seems to assume the electrons have already escaped their atom and starts out with free electrons between potentials, then proceeds to calculate the energy eigenstates. Did I miss something here? How do the electron's escape...

Dear all, ma questions is what is the relation between atom and the universe? Is universe an enlarge model of an atom? What are the similarities and dissimilarities between an atom and the universe? Is there any evidence of the existence of multiverse or meta-verse?

Homework Statement Consider a hydrogen atom whose wave function at time t=0 is the following superposition of normalised energy eigenfunctions: Ψ(r,t=0)=1/3 [2ϕ100(r) -2ϕ321(r) -ϕ430(r) ] What is the expectation value of the angular momentum squared? Homework Equations I know...

Homework Statement The following diagram represents the allowed electronic energy levels of a hypothetical atom. What frequency photon would be required to ionize this atom if it were already in the n = 2 state? [PLAIN]http://img32.imageshack.us/img32/667/picture2vt.png Homework...

Consider the Earth-Sun system as a giant-sized hydrogen atom, the objects interacting, however, by the gravitation force. (a) What is the quantum number, according to Bohr Theory, for the Earth's orbit about the Sun? (b) If the Earth were to make a transition to the next lowest quantum state, by...

Homework Statement I have a question to answer but am struggling to even start it. The question is basically an atom absorbs a photon (energy E), rest mass of atom is m, find recoil velocity in terms of E and m after absorbtion. Homework Equations i think i need th emomentum of the...

im looking for the 3 principals i need to be employ in determining the electronic structure of the ground state of an atom Ive got Paulis exclusion principle where no 2 electrons in an atom can occupy the same quantum state and hunds rule of the total spin of the electrons always has it...

http://hubblesite.org/hubble_discoveries/dark_energy/de-fate_of_the_universe.php "With dark energy, the fate of the universe might go well beyond the Big Chill. In the strangest and most speculative scenario, as the universe expands ever faster, all of gravity's work will be undone. Clusters...

How many electrons in the ground state of a Hg atom can have the quantum number ml = +1? The way I am trying to figure this out is as follows.. Electron configuration for HG is.. [Xe]6s^2 5d^10 n=6 l : ml 0: 0 1: -1,0,1 2: -2,-1,0,1,2 3 -3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3 4 -4,-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4...

This Prob is from Shankar, 17.2.3 "we assumed that the proton is a point charge e. If the proton is a uniformly dense charge distribution of radius R, the interaction is modified as V(r)= -2(e)^2/(2R) + (er)^2/(2(R)^3) r<R = -e^2/r r>R Calculate 1st Order shift in the ground-state...

1. A monochromatic laser is exciting hydrogen atoms from the n = 2 state to the n = 5 state. What is the wavelength of the laser? 2. frequency = f = delta E / h lambda = c/f 3. First, is the following approach valid: I find delta E by computing E5 - E2, where En = n2h2/8mL2...

im having a little trouble trying to picture an atom in my head with accurate electron cloud designee and shape can someone give me some pictures or a site that might help. every picture i ever see of an atom is with the electron orbital in curricular shapes but i know there is a wide eray of...

Homework Statement The ground state of lithium (Z=3) has two electrons in the 1s level and one in the 2s. Consider an excited state in which the outermost electron has been raised to the 3p level. Since the 3p wave functions are not very penetrating, you can estimate the energy of this electron...

Homework Statement The mass of an atom can be determined by ionizing it and accelerating it through a known electric field followed by a known magnetic field. The ion’s circular path is then measured. Calculate the mass of a chlorine anion of charge 3.20 x 10-19 C if it follows a circular...

i have been working on this question for quite a while. no help on google, or my textbook at all. A hydrogen atom in its ground state is excited to the n=5 level. It then makes a transition directly to the n=2 level before returning to the ground state. A) What are the wavelengths of the...

good morning everybody i had a question that i found no answer for it on the internet can one atom become a black hole ?? if no, what is the condition that prevent it ?? hope you help me answering this question best regards

These days I met one problem and asked a professor for help. But I can not understand his answer. Can you help me explain his answer? My question is that whether we can assume that a plane wave is orthogonal to the bound state of Hydrogen atom when t->\infty? Professor answers...

The Hamiltonian for a Hydrogen atom in Cartesian Coordinates (is this right?): \hat{H} = - \frac{\bar{h}^2}{2m_p}\nabla ^2_p - \frac{\bar{h}^2}{2m_e}\nabla ^2_e - \frac{e^2}{4\pi\epsilon _0r} In Spherical Coordinates do I just use: x=r sin θ cos φ, y = r sin θ sin φ, and z = r cos θ?

All the very heavy atoms found in the Earth were created long ago by nuclear fusion reactions in a supernova, an exploding star. The debris spewed out by the supernova later coalesced to form the sun and the planets of our solar system. Nuclear physics suggests that the uranium isotopes 235U...

A gas composed of hydrogen atoms in the ground state is bombarded with electrons of energy 12.5eV. a) What wavelengths emitted can we expect to observe? b) If we replaced the incident electrons with incident photons of the same energy, what would happen? I know the answers to both...

Homework Statement Find the width L of a one-dimensional box for which n=5 level would correspond to the absolute value of the n=3 state of a hydrogen atom Homework Equations am i suppose to use n2h2/8mL2 where n=5 to equate it to the n=3 state of the hydrogen atom? which is -13.6eV/32...

A hydrogen atom in an excited state absorbs a photon of wavelength 434 nm. What were the initial and final states of the hydrogen atom? E = hf = Eu - El = 2.825 eV That's the difference in energy between the initial and final states.

Atom orbitals, I mean the ones where electrons orbit proton with continuous trajectory like planets orbit around the sun. I do not mean to disagree with modern teachings nor to speculate, I simply do not see how QM actually excludes this possibility. I just want someone walk me through several...

There is no such thing as empty space in an atom. String Theory Amendum Another question that bothers me. We are taught that the atom is mostly empty space and I understand Bohr's atom and the concept of quantum. No problem. However, there is a movement in physics that states the "empty...

Homework Statement Positronium is an atom formed by an electron and a positron. It is similar to the hydrogen atom, with the positron replacing the proton. If a positronium atom makes a transition from the state n = 3 to a state with n = 1, the energy of the photon emitted in this...

Homework Statement One of a He+ atom is in a pure state |1,0,0>. What is the energy of this state? Give a numerical answer in eV. Another of these is found to be in a mixed state: |si>=[1/(3^1/2)][2^1/2|2,1,0>+|2,1,-1>. Calculate the following expectation values at t=0; <E>,<Lz>,<Lx> HINT...

in string theory is it that each quark of an atom has one string or is it made up of millions? i know this is a kinda silly question

Homework Statement A hydrogen atom has a diameter of approximately 1.06x10^-10 m, as defined by the diameter of the spherical electron cloud around the nucleus. The hydrogen nucleus has a diameter of approximately 2.40x10^-15 m. (a) For a scale model, represent the diameter of the hydrogen...

Homework Statement Consider a neutral carbon atom that has six electrons orbiting the nucleus. Suppose that five of the electrons are in their lowest states,but the sixth is in a very high state. Why might the energy levels for the outermost electron be similar to those for the single...

Homework Statement An atom confines electrons to be within a certain region of space. Use this fact to estimate the energy of electrons in atoms and compare it to those predicted by Bohr theory, remarking on any differences or similarities. Homework Equations Schrodinger's Wave Equation...

hydrogen atom is formed by the combination of electron and proton initially separated by in finite distance ,therefore, energy of hydrogen atom is expected to be equal to loss of electrostatic potential energy,but according to quantum mechanics it is not so.Is basic energy principle violated?

I have two asks first ask : In plot of probablity density of 1s electron of hydrogen atom when r=0 where electron exist ? is inside nucleus?! how happen this second ask what is the reduis of electron ri? and what reduis of nucleos RI is ? in Hamltonain operator i mean the...