Isothermal Definition and 216 Threads

Homework Statement 21. A quantity of an ideal gas is compressed to half its initial volume. The process may be adiabatic, isothermal, or isobaric. Rank those three processes in order of the work required of an external agent, least to greatest. A. adiabatic, isothermal, isobaric B...

Homework Statement At a constant temperature, 0.85 mol of an ideal gas changes its pressure from 350 Torr to 125 Torr. Calculate the entropy change for this expansion process. Homework Equations Ideal gas: PV=nRT ΔS = nRln(Vf/Vi) The Attempt at a Solution I'm stuck on how to...

What's the difference?

isothermal and adiabatic please help! Homework Statement Hello, I have been stuck on this problem for about an hour so any hep would be greatly appreciated! One mole of argon at 25 degrees C and 1 atm pressure is allowed to expand reversibly t a volume of 50 L (a) isothermally (b)...

Homework Statement "We have some gas in a container at high pressure. The volume of the container is 444 cm^3. The pressure of the gas is 2.52e5 Pa. We allow the gas to expand at constant temperature until its pressure equals atmospheric pressure, which is 0.857e5 Pa." A. Find the work...

Homework Statement 10 moles of an ideal gas, in the initial state P1 = 10 atm, T1 = 300K are taken around the following cycle. a) A reversible change of state along a straight line path on the P-V diagram to the state P = 1 atm T = 300K. How much work is done during the cycle...

Maybe somebody can explain this to me and I will have a better understand of the Isothermal expansion problem. Here is what I know: [SIZE="4"]\DeltaU(T)=0 but internal energy is also a state function. So if I expand from P1,V1 to P2,V2 isothermally then how can internal energy not change...

Homework Statement For a particular sample of monatomic gas, the rate of change of pressure with volume under isothermal conditions is -2 x 10^7 Pa m^-3. Calculate the rate of change under adiabatic conditions. Homework Equations isothermal: dP/dV = -2 x 10^7 Q = nRTln(Vf/Vi)...

I understand that an isothermal process occurs at constant Temperature. And for an ideal gas, the the internal energy is a function of temperature only. Therefore, when Temp = 0, then U = 0 also, meaning the internal energy of the gas doesn't change... and we have q = - w or basically q = PΔV...

Homework Statement A certain metal whose thermal expansion coefficient \beta is 5,0 × 10^-5 °C^-1 and whose isothermal compressibility \kappa_T is 1,2 × 10^-6 atm^-1 is at an initial pressure of 1 atm and an initial temperature of 20°C. A thick layer of Invar is thermally insulating the...

Homework Statement A monatomic gas has V1 P1 and T1 (volume pressure and temp) at state 1 The gas then goes through the following process adiabatic expansion to stage 2 (exapands to twice its volume) isovolumetric heating so it gets back to T1; stage 3 isothermal compression back to...

Homework Statement A sample of 1.00 mol H20(g) is condensed isothermally and reversibly to liquid water at 100°C. The standard enthalpy of vaporization of water at 100°C is 40.656 kJ mol-1. Find w, q, change in internal energy, and change in enthalpy for this process. Homework Equations...

Homework Statement A 2.00-mol sample of helium gas initially at 300K and 0.400 atm is compressed isothermally to 1.20atm. Assume the helium behaves as an ideal gas, find (a) the final volume of the gas, (b) the work done on the gas, and (c) the energy temperature?Homework Equations PV = nRT W...

Assume ideal gas and isothermal : \Delta H = \int_{T_{i}}^{T_{f}}\! C_{p} dT = 0 (no change in temperature, no change in enthalpy) \Delta H = \Delta U + W, U = 0 There is no change in internal energy but there is change in work done. How do these two contradicting statements work.

1. So, an ideal gas is initially at 293K and 200kPa, and has a volume of .004m3 It undergoes a quasi-static, isotheral expansion until its pressure is reduced to 100kPa What is the Work done by the gas 2.I know that for isothermal conditions W=nRTln(Pf/Pi) 3. my first attempt was...

As the title says. If we have a system which can't exchange heat with the environment that is, by definition, an adiabatic process. Is it possible that in that situation the pressure lowers, the volume increases and the temperature stays the same?

Is an adiabatic process isothermal also? Can anyone please tell me if it is necessary for an adiabatic process to be isothermal? Please explain with example.

according to first law of thermodynamics,q=w for a reversible isothermal process.this means all the energy absorbed is being used to to do the work ,but according to second law of thermodynamics,there cannot be 100% effeciency.please tell where i am going wrong

Homework Statement Is it possible to have a process that is both adiabatic and isothermal. Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution I think the answer is no. Because when a system is doing an adiabatic process, the total energy of this system must be changed. For an...

what is the enthalpy change of an isothermal process?(Why is it 0?)

Homework Statement Suppose 161 moles of a monatomic ideal gas undergoes an isothermal expansion as shown in the figure (attached). The horizontal axis is marked in increments on 20 m3 What is the temperature at the beginning and at the end of this process? Homework Equations PV = nRT...

Homework Statement Let’s make an idealized star model with two parts: an isothermal helium core, and pure hydrogen layers outside the core. The core represents the part where hydrogen has already been burned. Mathematically this represents the simplest model that might resemble a...

Hey all, If i have an isothermal process of an ideal monotomic gas, IE. deltaT = 0 and i have an initial volume (V1) and an initial pressure (P1). Then I am given the work done BY the gas (W = -### as it is the environment providing the energy) How do i calculate the final volume and the...

Homework Statement I have a mixture of saturared water liquid vapor mixture at 200 c, volume = .03 m^3 at 15.54 Bars... the mixture undergoes an isothermal expansion and the volume doubles, what is the new pressure? mtotal = .301 kg Homework Equations this is my prob not sure which...

Homework Statement Derive the following expression for calculating the isothermal change in Constant Volume Heat Capacity: (dCv/dV)T = T(d2P/dT2)V Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution I have no idea, please help

Homework Statement Calculate the isothermal compressibility and the expansion coefficient of a van der waals gas. Then show using Euler's chain relation that KR = alpha(Vm-b) Homework Equations isothermal compressibility K = (-1/V) (dv/dp)t isothermal expansion alpha= (1/v)(dv/dt)p...

Homework Statement Calculate the work done during the isothermal reversible expansion of a gas that satisfies the virial equation of state. Homework Equations Virial equation of state: pVm = RT(1+B/Vm + C/Vm + ...) Isothermal reversible expansion: w = -nRT ln(Vf/Vi) The Attempt at a...

Homework Statement Calculate Q(in) and Q(out). Homework Equations Specific Heat: Cv = 5/2 R R = 8.314 J/mol K The Attempt at a Solution For the process C-> A, it is an isothermic process but we are not given temperature. The equation to finding the total work done from C->A is nRT...

Urgent!Isothermal process Hi guys. i have a very short question. In an isothermal process, change is temperature is zero, so change in internal energy is zero, thus Q=W. The part that i am confused is that if Q=mc(deltaT) then should be a change in temperature in the isothermal process? Thanks...

i was told that w= p dv but how come w= pv dv in a isothermal process??

Homework Statement During an isothermal expansion, a confined ideal gas does -150J agaisnt its surroundings. Which of the following describes the heat transfer during this process? A 150J of Heat was added to the gas B 150J of Heat was removed from the gas C 300J of Heat was added to the...

Which of the following statements are true? 1. Heat is converted completely into work during isothermal expansion. 2. Isothermal expansion is reversible under ideal conditions. 3. During the process of isothermal expansion, the gas does more work than during the isobaric expansion...

Homework Statement I have most of these figured out (it is 4 and 5 that are causing me problems) but I figured that I may as well post the answers that I have already gotten because they may be relevant. The answers that I got are in bold. 1. Which of the curves in the figure represents an...

Homework Statement a monatomic ideal gas(Cv=3/2R) undergoes an isothermal expansion at 300K, as the volume increased from 0.09m^3 to 0.36m^3. the final pressure is 100kPa. the change in the internal energy of the gas, in kJ is closest to a. 0 b. 25 c. -50 d. -25 e. 50 Homework...

http://session.masteringphysics.com/problemAsset/1013990/12/1013990E.jpg Which of the following statements are true about the first half of this process, just going from state A to state F? Both T and U increase. W provides energy input. Q provides energy input. Q is larger (in...

Homework Statement One mole of an ideal gas does 3000 J work on its surroundings as it expands isothermally to a final pressure of 1 atm and volume 25 L. Determine a) initial volume and b) Temp of gas Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution Well, its isothermal, so Temp is...

I need to find the equation for the work of a reversible isothermal compression of 1 mol of a gas in a piston/cylinder assembly if the molar volume of the gas is given by V= ((RT)/P) + b where b and R are positive constants. Not sure what to do .. please help! THANKS

Homework Statement A gas mass 0.115kg undergoes an increase in volume from 0.25m cubed to 0.56m cubed. initial temp 32 degrees c and initial pressure 1.2bar. work out heat transfer?? Homework Equations W=P1V1 ln(V2/V1) W=mRT ln(V2/V1) P1V1/T1=P2V2/T2 Q=U2-U1+W PV=mRT The Attempt...

I was reviewing some notes on the Carnot cycle and noticed that to compute the work done along an isotherm you take the integral of PdV from the initial to final volume. What value do you use for P since P is not held constant on an isothermal curve? Why is P treated as a constant?

Hi! I was just wondering if in a reversible isothermal process, there is a change in internal energy. I know that for the isothermal forward process the temperature is constant so internal energy is constant? What really stumps me is the word reversible.

Homework Statement A cubic metre of air at 0degreesC and 1 atm is compressed reversibly to 10 atm. (a) What is the final temperature if it is compressed adiabatically? (b) How much heat must be removed if it is compressed isothermally? I understand what the two different terms...

Homework Statement Determine the change in the entropy, Helmholtz free energy, and Gibbs free energy, when a mole of ideal gas is compressed from 1atm to 100atm at 20C. The Attempt at a Solution I am not entirely convinced by my attempt below -- can anyone spot something wrong? (I thought it...

Homework Statement Using isothermal titration calorimetry, you calculate \DeltaH^{o}_{bind} (= -5000 cal/mol) for a protein-ligand binding reaction at 25°C. You then perform a separate assay in which you measure equilibrium ligand binding at two different temperatures: L_{0} (nM)...

Homework Statement A sample of 2.00 mol. CH3OH (g) is condensed isothermally and reversibly to liquid at 64*C. The standard enthalpy of condensation of methanol @ 64*C is -35.3 kJ/mol. Find w and q for the reaction. Homework Equations w = -nRT * ln(Vf/Vi) (although I don't have volume...

A volume of 1.5 m3 of air initially at 1.31 bar and 293k undergoes three processes in order to complete a cycle: Process 1 to 2 Isothermal compression from state 1 through a volumetric compression ratio of Rv to state 2 2 to 3 Isobaric heating back to the original volume. 3 to 1...

Homework Statement How do you express work in an isothermal increase of pressure of a solid in terms of the initial and final pressure? Homework Equations van der waals equation W=Integral of PdV (P-na/v^2)(v-nb)=nKT P=pressure V=volume n=number of molecules(constant)...

In an isothermal process, does the temperature of an ideal gas remain constant? And if so does the heat capacity at constant volume = zero?

I've gone through a some of our textbooks but none of them effectively explains this process clearly. For the isothermal process, according to the first law of thermodynamics, ΔU = 0, indicating that Q = -W. So if heat flows into the system, all the energy put in is converted to work which the...

We are currently learning about isothermal processes in class and there's something i don't really get. i can visualize what happens when the piston is pulled or pushed very slowly, PV = constant and hence produces an isotherm on a PV diagram. And if since the temperature is constant...

Isothermal means constant temperture process. But thermal means heat. Presumably iso is short for isolated. So it should be isolated heat process or constant heat process rather than constant temperture process. Instead adiabatic means constant heat process. Even though it is a trivial matter, I...