Isotope Definition and 107 Threads

I tried to find the ratio of rb88/rb87 but can't find any. What are the ratio of rb88/rb87 in nature?

Does anyone have a link ro the research showing that our sun was formed from more than thirty nebulae, not one as would be expected?

Assuming I have a given wavelength λ of the hydrogen spectrum and I want to calculate the nuclear mass of the isotope, is my approach correct? Rydberg-formula: $$\frac{1}{\lambda} = R_M \left( \frac{1}{n_1^2} - \frac{1}{n_2^2} \right)$$ with $$R_M = \frac{R_\infty}{1 + \frac{m_e}{M}}$$...

Say one was to create an artificial stable isotope of Promethium as it has predicted applicable properties. What would it’s number have to be? I know Promethium-147 is semi-stable.

Hello all. I'm an undergraduate student looking to conduct an experiment with an isotope that undergoes beta decay. I am curious as to the degree to which the isotope geometry will reduce the energy of/deflect beta particles emitted from the isotope. By geometry, I mean the "shape" of the...

Hello! Is there any measurement (can be from different papers/experiments) of a diatomic molecular isotopic chain (i.e. at least 3 isotopes of a given nucleus) where the ground state is ##^{2}\Sigma##?

Hello! My questions are based on this paper talking about King plot non-linearities. Assuming I have 3 isotopes and 2 transitions, I would like to know how well I should measure the transitions (i.e. what uncertainty on the transition value) in order to reach a given sensitivity for the new...

Can anyone tell me what the commonly used methods of isotope separation are for Potassium 41? I know there are many different methods used for isotope separation, but I'm wondering which method is most practical (cheapest and purity) in the case of potassium, specifically K41. Also roughly what...

Hello! The isotope shift for an atomic transition is usually parameterized as: $$\delta\nu = K\frac{m_1m_2}{m_1-m_2}+F\delta<r^2>$$ where ##m_{1,2}## are the masses of the 2 isotopes, ##\delta<r^2>## is the change in the mean square charge radius between the 2 isotopes and K and F are some...

Hello! The transition wavelength between 2 energy levels for an atom depends on the nuclear isotope through the mass of the isotope and the size of the nucleus. My question is only about the nuclear size effect. It can be shown that this effect can be written as (this is basically a taylor...

AIUI, the R-process in a supernova creates all the heavy isotopes, and that the existence of Pu-244 in the early solar system has been confirmed. It has been stated at the physics stack exchange forum that the theoretically shortest half-life possible is ~ 3 x 10-24 seconds, so let's consider...

This problem really confused me, since I can't get the link between particles emitted(alpha and beta, but which are the differences between those?) and changes in mass and atomic number of the isotope. For this one, I can't really show you my attempt since there ain't one...

A team of scientists working at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) has discovered a new form of the human-made element mendelevium. The newly created isotope, mendelevium-244, is the 17th and lightest form of mendelevium, which is element Z=101 on the periodic table...

I try to do my assignment which is based on mass spectrometer entirely. The mass spectrometer i am working on has these parts below: 1.Accelerator region 2.Velocity selector region 3.Spectrometer The elements i am working on are isotopes of the same element and they all enter the accelerator...

Hello! Is the isotope shift between 2 (low lying) vibrational levels of the lowest 2 electronic levels (of a diatomic molecule) the same, no matter what the 2 levels are? For example, is the isotope shift associated to the ##0 \to 0## vibrational transition of 2 molecular isotopes (here I mean...

Sorry if this is the wrong subforum i am new here How could one turn Palladium-102 into palladium-103? Would you take a cyclotron and hit it with neutrons? Or would you take Rhodium-103 and hit it with protons? The only reason I ask is because it has a half life of 17 days, and because of that...

Take 60Fe found in meteorites. Does it start to decay the moment it is created. Or does it start to decay when it cools to a solid (a meteorite)? Does heat have anything to do with it? Thanks

<< Mentor Note -- typo fixed below with strikethrough history shown >> I am in a heated debate with a client climate change denier (he created some of the software for their instruments, he says all evidence of how Earth's age is determined is flawed because the Earth's crust is continually...

I where looking for elements that can absorpt neutrons without generating radioactive materials, and I found that most of them in Earth are suitable. I found that could work: C, O, Si, S, N, H The most common isotopes can receive one or two neutrons being stable, but if a neutron would be...

If I had had enough space to enter the proper question, it would have been: Is the triple point of water which is used for the definition of the unit of Kelvin defined as water having a certain isotopes such as 2 Hydrogen-1 & 1 Oxygen-16? Or would the error introduced by using different...

Has anyone listed the actual experimentally measured masses of isotopes ? I find only the mass excesses listed. Why?

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotope Can Isotopes be useful to Agriculture industry viz Fertilizers & Instecticides manufacturing? Thanks & Regards, Prashant S Akerkar

Homework Statement This is a multiple choice question. I have uploaded a screenshot of the question for reference. The atomic mass for a particular isotope of an element will: a) Always be equal to the value obtained by summing the masses of the protons and neutrons present in the atom. b)...

Consider chain of two radioactive decays ##A \to B\to C##. The equation that regulates ##N_B## is $${\frac {\mathrm {d} N_{B}}{\mathrm {d} t}}=-\lambda _{B}N_{B}+\lambda _{A}N_{A}$$ I can't understand why the activity of ##B## is get as ##\lambda_B N_B##, for example at page 20 here...

I am particularly wondering about zircon, element 40. I notice that its isotopes decay by either electron emission positron emission or electron capture, and I was curious to know whether this is established experimentally or if quantum physics is able to predict which isotopes will decay via...

Homework Statement An isotope of which element has a mass number of 111 and has 5 more neutrons A- Antimonu B- Cadmium C- Iodine D- Tin E- Xenon Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution I don't know where to start

I am wondering if anyone has considered this could be used in RTG's? To make Am242m one needs spent fuel that's been sitting around for a while, this has let the Pu241 decay to Am241. The question is, once you separate Am-241, can you run the reactor to favor Am242m production? Am242m is the...

I was looking at this neat graph of all the isotopes and which ones are stable and how they decay: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Table_isotopes_en.svg/715px-Table_isotopes_en.svg.png The black squares represent stable isotopes, and columns that have no such black...

Hello I would like to know more about the history of the discovery of the isotopes, what there was before, and the short term impact on the chemistry and nuclear physics. Is this topic discussed in any book/review? Thank you for your time. Regards, ORF

Hello As far as I know, the reaction velocity depends on the isotope ("kinetic isotope effect"). So, is the isotope ratio (for example, for Nitrogen or Carbon isotopes) dependent on the trophic level? Thank you for your time. Regards, Alvaro.

I'm stuck on this idea. How are initial radioactive isotope quantities assumed in radiometric dating? There are current abundances for all isotopes, but wouldn't these abundances have been different in the past (much higher)? I honestly can't grasp how radioactive isotopes with short half lives...

How would one go about determining the amount of heat generated by the decay of a radioactive particle, such as Cesium 137, Polonium 210, or Strontium 90? How would you determine how much of the radioactive material would be needed to heat, say, a cup of water to a certain temperature, taking...

Homework Statement (a) Cobalt has only one stable isotope, 59Co. What form of radioactive decay would you expect the isotope 60Co to undergo? Give a reason for your answer. (b) The radioactive nuclei 21084Po emit alpha particles of a single energy, the product nuclei being 20682Pb. (b) (i)...

Homework Statement The potassium isotope 4219K has a half-life of 12 hr, and disintegrates with the emission of a γ-ray to form the calcium isotope 4220Ca. What other radiation besides γ-rays must be emitted? How many electrons, protons, and neutrons are there in an atom of the calcium isotope...

Homework Statement A stationary B nucleus decays into two alpha particles and a proton, and the speed of the proton is found to be 6.0x10^6 m/s. What is the magnitude and direction of the velocities of the alpha particles with respect to the proton? Homework Equations Unnecessary The Attempt...

Does more neutrons in an isotope make it more or less stable? I got two contradicting sources. I am also quite confused overall about the whole isotope business. The definition of an isotope is that it is an atom with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons. For example...

Homework Statement The infrared spectrum of CO shows a vibrational absorption peak at 2170 cm-1 (a) What is the force constant of the CO bond? (b) At what wavenumber would the corresponding peak for 14CO occur? Homework Equations k=ω2μ = (2πcv)2μThe Attempt at a Solution So I solved part a...

Hello everyone, When I look at the isotope lists, I always see only one nuclear spin for a specific isotope. (Why) can't an isotope have different nuclear spin types that are stable? I know metastable isotopes exist, but I am asking about the stable isotopes. Can't there be a case where the...

Homework Statement Two water samples are mixed. Sample 1 has δ18O-H2O = -1(per mil), Sample 2 has δ18O-H2O = -20 (per mil), and the mixture has δ18O-H2O = -15 (per mil). What fraction of water came from sample 1 and what fraction came from sample 2? Assume that F = the fraction of the water...

Because mercury has a low melting point? What are the advantages of mercury in the isotope effect experiment? Can we use some other materials?

I have seen something to this effect stated dozens of times on the internet : "..because the deuterons and the protons are exchanging so quickly, you will end up with a statistical distribution: 25% H2O, 25% D2O, and 50% HDO." They are referring to a sample of water which is 50 atom %...

Homework Statement An initially pure 3.4 g sample of Ga-67, an isotope with a half life of 78 hr. What is its initial decay rate? Note: Molar Mass values given in tables for chemical elements are for natural mix isotopic ratios. (i.e. the relative percentages of each isotope normally present...

Are there any semi-stable or stable isotopes that can be made to oscillate between their self and their decay products? Specifically some kind of fission/fusion reaction where the decay is easily reversed with something like pressure (assuming the reversal is quick enough that the majority of...

The basic "nuclear physics for dummies" explanation of nuclear physics goes something like this: There are two dominant forces at play in atomic nuclei: the residual strong force (aka the nuclear force) which binds nucleons together and the electromagnetic force (or, more simply, the...

Homework Statement Magnesium (Z = 12) has isotopes that range from Mg–20 to Mg–31. Only Mg–24, Mg–25, and Mg–26 are not radioactive. What mode of radioactive decay would convert Mg–20, Mg–21, Mg–22, and Mg–23 into stable isotopes most quickly? (A) electron emission (B) alpha particle emission...

The Sigma database at Brookhaven lists seven isotopes as fission products for which I can't find half-life data. I've tried nea6287-JEFF-20-1, the NuDat_2 web site, Nuclear Wallet Cards and Wikipedia. Anybody have any other ideas? The isotopes are 74-As-m1 85-Se-m1 86-Br-m1 109-Ru-m1...

Hello! So I have an issue with determining the probability of a daughter isotope's nucleus being on a certain level after decay from an unstable parent isotope's nucleus on another level. For example: I have a Co-60 nucleus and it decays to a Ni-60 nucleus by B- emission. If the parent Co-60...

i wan to do the folowimg : [ 1 ] use the computer to find halftimes of isotoops that are jet unkown [ 2 ] i want to use genetic programming [ 3 ] i use the idea that there is a function = halftime( protons , neutrons ) i have questions : - is [ 1 ][ 2 ] a good idea - i don't know if...

Hi all, how can I find the activity of isotope which it has in area given value mCi or mR or Rem value of this? ionization energy of isotope how many distance can it travel on air and in earth-ground when I know only the Curi or Rem or Roengen? ex. Who they calculate the...

Why are exited states of an Isotope metastable? Is it because they have a large spin and therefore the final states they decay to have to be excited as well? And therefore they have less energy gain? I am thinking about 116 In (the 1+ and 5+ state) both can undergo a β- decay. Thank you!