Convergence of Finite Sets: A Limit on Repeated Elements?

In summary, the problem states that if a finite subset A of real numbers has a convergent sequence x_n, then the sequence must eventually become a constant sequence. This can be proven by considering the definition of limit and utilizing the fact that A is finite and therefore has a smallest value for distances between elements. This problem may be challenging, especially for beginners, but it can be approached by establishing a bijection between N and A and considering the possibility of A being infinite, which would lead to a contradiction.
  • #1
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Homework Statement



Let A be a finite subset of R. For each n in N, let x_n be in A. Show that if the sequence x_n is convergent then it must become a constant sequence after a while.

Homework Equations



The definition of limit.

The Attempt at a Solution



As A is finite, at least one element of A will appear in the sequence more than once after some N. As this sequence is convergent there is an M for any ε such that |x_n - x| < ε for every n with n>M. Let M>N... Help please.

I can't decide whether this problem is too hard or I'm stupid or this is just because I'm a beginner?
 
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  • #2
If A= {x_n} is finite then the set of distances {|x_i- x_j|} is finite and so has a smallest value. If [itex]\epsilon[/itex] is smaller than that ...
 
  • #3
Ah okay, thank you
 
  • #4
Idea: Establish a bijection f: N -> A
n |-> f(n)=x_{n}
If there exists no N: [itex]\forall n > N, x_{n} = const[/itex], then A must be infinite -> hence we obtain a contradiction. :smile:
 

What is a finite set?

A finite set is a collection of distinct objects or elements that has a specific number of elements. This means that the set has a finite or limited number of elements, and it can be counted or enumerated.

How is a finite set different from an infinite set?

A finite set has a limited number of elements, while an infinite set has an unlimited number of elements. In other words, a finite set can be counted or enumerated, while an infinite set cannot.

What is convergence in mathematics?

Convergence is a mathematical concept that refers to a sequence of values or functions that approaches a limit or a specific value as the number of terms increases. It is often used in calculus and other branches of mathematics to describe the behavior of a sequence or a function.

What are the types of convergence in mathematics?

The three main types of convergence in mathematics are pointwise convergence, uniform convergence, and absolute convergence. Pointwise convergence occurs when a sequence of functions converges to a specific value at each point in the domain. Uniform convergence is when the sequence of functions approaches a limit uniformly over the entire domain. Absolute convergence is when a series of numbers or functions converges without depending on the order of the terms.

Why is convergence important in mathematics?

Convergence is important in mathematics because it allows us to study the behavior of sequences and functions as the number of terms or the values of the variables change. It also helps us determine the limit of a sequence or function, which is essential in many areas of mathematics, such as calculus, analysis, and statistics.

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