Accelerating a wheel of two different materials.

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the dynamics of a hybrid wheel composed of half metal and half wood, analyzing its behavior when rolled down a ramp. It concludes that the differing centers of mass (COM) of the materials will lead to an imbalance, causing the wheel to wobble during rotation. The COM of a solid semicircle is located at approximately 0.424 times the radius from the center, while that of a semicircular arc is at about 0.637 times the radius. These differences in COM will result in vibrations at higher RPMs, confirming the need for dynamic balancing similar to that used in automobiles.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of basic physics principles, particularly rotational dynamics.
  • Familiarity with concepts of center of mass (COM) and its calculation.
  • Knowledge of material properties, specifically the differences between metal and wood.
  • Experience with dynamic balancing techniques in mechanical systems.
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the principles of rotational dynamics and their applications in engineering.
  • Learn about the calculation methods for center of mass in composite shapes.
  • Explore dynamic balancing techniques used in automotive engineering.
  • Investigate the effects of material properties on rotational stability and performance.
USEFUL FOR

This discussion is beneficial for physics students, mechanical engineers, and anyone interested in the dynamics of rotating bodies and material properties in engineering applications.

racer123
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We all remember the experiment where two wheels, one made of metal that is hollow and one of solid wood, of equal mass, circumference, and width are raced down a ramp, how the wooden wheel accelerates faster.
If you cut the wheels in half and used one part of each to create another wheel, half metal and half wood, would they balance? What would happen if rotated? And, if the rotation was accelerated and decelerated, would it wobble or would it act in a uniform manner?
Thanks
 
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Your first paragraph answers the second...different accelerations would tend to cause vibrations at higher rpm...
 
That's my understanding as well. I wanted to get the opinion of people that have a far better understanding of physics than I do to confirm it.
 
Its center of mass would not be at its geometric center, so it would wobble around if you let it roll.
 
The concept is the same concept as when a weight is clamped on the rim of a wheel for dynamic balancing on an automobile...
 
The center of mass of a solid semicircle is at distance ##\dfrac{4r}{3\pi} = 0.424 r## from the center. The COM of a semicircular arc is ##\dfrac{2r}{\pi} = 0.637 r## from the center.

The "hollow" metal half is not exactly a semicircular arc, but it should be clear the COM's of the two equal masses of wood and metal wlll be at different distances about the center, and the wood+metal disc will not be balanced.
 

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