Acceleration due to gravity is the acceleration experienced by any object in free fall near the Earth's surface. It is caused by the gravitational force exerted by the Earth on the object.
The value of acceleration due to gravity near the Earth's surface is approximately 9.8 meters per second squared (m/s^2). This value can vary slightly depending on location and altitude.
Acceleration due to gravity can be calculated using the formula a = F/m, where a is acceleration, F is the force of gravity, and m is the mass of the object. Near the Earth's surface, the force of gravity can be calculated using the formula F = mg, where g is the acceleration due to gravity.
Yes, acceleration due to gravity affects all objects equally regardless of their mass. This is known as the "Principle of Equivalence" and was first proposed by Albert Einstein in his theory of general relativity.
The acceleration due to gravity on other planets can vary greatly depending on their mass and size. For example, on the surface of the Moon, the acceleration due to gravity is only about 1.6 m/s^2, while on Jupiter it is about 24.8 m/s^2. This is because the force of gravity is directly proportional to the mass of the planet and inversely proportional to the square of its radius.