The discussion focuses on analyzing the expression $e^{ix}$ using the Maclaurin formula. It suggests substituting 'ix' into the known formula for $e^x$ to derive the result. Alternatively, it mentions using the power series for cosine and sine, multiplying the sine series by 'i', and then combining it with the cosine series. Both methods yield the same outcome, with the substitution method being quicker. The analysis ultimately leads to the conclusion that $e^{ix} = \cos x + i \sin x$.