It is possible to generate both positive and negative voltages from a 9V battery using a circuit that includes an oscillator, such as a pulse-generating microcontroller or IC. By placing two identical resistors in series, the middle connection can serve as a ground reference, allowing for +4.5V and -4.5V outputs. For higher voltage differences, capacitors and step-up circuits can be utilized. A push-pull arrangement with two output stages can create an 18V peak-to-peak signal, commonly used in audio amplifiers powered by 12V batteries. The frequency of the output signal in a circuit using an LM555 timer is influenced by the capacitor and resistor values.