Are the E and B fields in phase in an EM wave?

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In an electromagnetic (EM) wave, the electric (E) and magnetic (B) fields are depicted as mutually perpendicular and in phase, meaning their maximum values occur simultaneously. However, the discussion raises the point that the changing E field generates the B field and vice versa, suggesting that maximum values may not align. It is argued that the B field should peak when the E field is changing most rapidly, indicating a potential phase difference. The analogy with kinetic and potential energy in simple harmonic motion (SHM) further supports the idea of alternating energy storage between the E and B fields. Ultimately, while the classic representation shows E and B in phase, the time-dependent behavior of the fields suggests they may be out of phase when graphed at a single location.
john b
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I keep looking at a sketch of the mutually perpendicular electric & magnetic fields in an EM wave. The sketch (and my text) says they are in phase, i.e. their maximum values occur simultaneously, ...

...but the discussion centers around the changing E field producing the B field and vice-versa. My gut tells me that the B field then should be a maximum when the E field is changing most rapidly, i.e. NOT at its max value. I think that discussion in the book also says that the energy is stored alternately in the E and B -- analogous with the kinetic and potential energy in SHM.

Both of these thoughts make me want to say that the maximum valuse should be out of phase -- where I am thinking incorrectly? Thanks
 
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When the E field changes the most rapidly with time, the magnetic field changes most rapidly along it direction of travel, and the converse.

\frac{\Delta E}{\Delta t} = \frac{\Delta B}{\Delta s}
 
Phrak said:
When the E field changes the most rapidly with time, the magnetic field changes most rapidly along it direction of travel, and the converse.

\frac{\Delta E}{\Delta t} = \frac{\Delta B}{\Delta s}

The classic picture I'm talking about is a graph of E & B on a x-y-z axis with the two sinosoidal curves in phase and perpendicular -- is it correct then to say, that the maximum values of E & B occur, at one instant, at the same locations along the Z axis but, if I graphed the fields at one location as a function of time, the maximum values would be 180deg out of phase?
 
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