Stable Equilibrium of Stacked Hemispheres

In summary, the problem involves two solid hemispheres with rough surfaces and uniform mass distributions in equilibrium when the top one is "upside down" with its flat surface above the table. The equilibrium position is stable if the radius of the top hemisphere is less than 3/5 times the radius of the bottom hemisphere. This can be shown using energy and its derivative, considering the initial and final positions of the center of mass after a small roll.
  • #1
kitsh
7
0

Homework Statement


A solid hemisphere of radius b has its flat surface glued to a horizontal table. A second solid hemisphere of different radius a rests on top of the first one so that the curved surfaces are in contact. The surfaces of the hemispheres are rough (meaning that no slipping occurs between them) and both hemispheres have uniform mass distributions. The two objects are in equilibrium when the top one is "upside down", i.e. with its flat surface parallel to the table but above it. Show that this equilibrium position is stable if a < 3b / 5 .

Homework Equations


U=mgh
v=ωr
CM of a solid hemisphere is 3r/8

The Attempt at a Solution


I know I am supposed to do this problem using the energy and it's derivative to analyze the equilibrium points but I honestly have no idea how to go about setting up the problem, a push in the right direction would be much appreciated.
 
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  • #2
Well, start with the energy... did you draw a sketch?
Where is the center of mass initially? What does that mean for its energy?
Where is the center of mass after the hemispheres rolled a tiny bit? Small-angle approximations are fine as you are interested in the limit anyway.
 

What is "Bowl Balanced on a Bowl"?

"Bowl Balanced on a Bowl" is a physics demonstration that showcases the principles of stability and equilibrium by balancing a bowl on top of another bowl.

What materials are needed to perform this experiment?

To perform "Bowl Balanced on a Bowl," you will need two identical bowls, a flat surface, and a small object such as a marble or ping pong ball.

How is the experiment set up?

Start by placing one bowl upside down on a flat surface. Then, carefully balance the second bowl on top of the first bowl, making sure it is centered and stable.

Why does the top bowl stay balanced?

The top bowl stays balanced because of the downward force of gravity acting on the bowl's center of mass, which is located directly above the point where the two bowls touch.

What happens if the top bowl is slightly off-center?

If the top bowl is not centered and stable, it will tilt and eventually fall off the bottom bowl due to the unbalanced forces acting on it. This demonstrates the importance of balance and equilibrium in maintaining stability.

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