Bragg law vs interference equaiton

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Discussion Overview

The discussion centers on the differences between Bragg's law and the condition for constructive interference in diffraction patterns, particularly in the context of crystal structures and transmission gratings. Participants explore the implications of these equations and their geometrical configurations.

Discussion Character

  • Debate/contested
  • Technical explanation
  • Mathematical reasoning

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants note that the condition for constructive interference is expressed as n*lambda=d*sin(alpha), while Bragg's law is stated as n*lambda=2d*sin(alpha), raising questions about the differences in these equations.
  • Others point out that the configurations for transmission gratings and crystal cells differ, which may explain the variations in the equations.
  • A participant emphasizes that the general condition for constructive interference involves path differences being multiples of the wavelength, suggesting that different geometries lead to different formulas.
  • There is a query about the specific meaning of d and 2d in Bragg's law, with a mention of their dependence on Miller indices and unit cell dimensions.
  • Another participant clarifies that in Bragg's law, d represents the spacing between adjacent atoms or molecules, and that deriving the equations requires understanding the optical path difference (OPD) and its geometric implications.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the interpretation of the equations and their applications, indicating that multiple competing perspectives remain without consensus on the resolution of the differences.

Contextual Notes

Limitations include the need for clarity on the definitions of parameters like d and the specific geometrical configurations involved in both cases, which are not fully resolved in the discussion.

Chemist@
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The condition for constructive interference is: n*lambda=d*sin(alpha)
Bragg's law is n*lambda=2d*sin(alpha)
The diffraction from a crystal cell will also create an interference pattern, so why do these equations differ?
 
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The configuration is different, in transmission grating you have [see pict Grating 1].
While in crystal cell you have [see pict Grating 2].
 

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I would need more than that. Please elaborate.
 
Chemist@ said:
The condition for constructive interference is: n*lambda=d*sin(alpha)
Bragg's law is n*lambda=2d*sin(alpha)
The diffraction from a crystal cell will also create an interference pattern, so why do these equations differ?
This is not a general condition for constructive interference.
The general condition for constructive interference is that the path difference is a multiple of the wavelength.
Applying this to various geometries results in various formulas, as you just discovered. The formula for path difference depends on the specific geometry (and also on how you label the parameters).
 
So what is d or more specifically 2d in Bragg's law? I know that it depends on Miller indices, and it can be expressed through them and the side of the unit cell.
 
In Bragg's law d is the spacing between adjacent atoms/molecules. To derive those equations you need to know the general condition for constructive interference, which is ## OPD = N2\pi## with OPD abbreviated from optical path difference and N integer numbers. Analyzing the geometry in both figures will lead to different expressions of OPD of both cases.
 

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