Calculating Bragg Angles for X-Ray Scattering from Table Salt Crystal

In summary, the spacing between the Na and Cl atoms in table salt (NaCl) is ##d=2.82x10^{-10}m##, which was first deduced from Bragg scattering. Using Bragg's Law, the corresponding Bragg angles below ##90^{\circ}## for scattering from a large crystal of table salt are calculated to be within the keV range, with a common source like Cu Kα being around 8 keV. The original calculations using an energy of 20 eV were incorrect due to a typo in the book.
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Homework Statement


The Spacing between the Na and Cl atoms in table salt (NaCl) is ##d=2.82x10^{-10}m##, which was first deduced from Bragg scattering. For an experiment where X-rays of energy 20 eV are produced, what are the corresponding Bragg angles below ##90^{\circ}## for scattering from a large crystal of table salt?

Homework Equations


Bragg's Law: ##2dsin(\theta)=n\lambda##

The Attempt at a Solution


##sin(\theta)=\frac{n\lambda}{2d}##
##\lambda = \frac{hc}{E_{photon}}##
##\theta = sin^{-1}(\frac{nhc}{2dE})##
##\theta = sin^{-1}(\frac{n*1240eV\dot nm}{2*0.282nm*20eV})##
##\theta = sin^{-1}(n*109)##

but this isn't within the domain of arcsin. So are there just no Bragg's angles here? Or is there a different energy that I'm using rather than 20 eV?
 
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  • #2
I believe your calculations are correct. Perhaps someone else can also check the numbers, but I think the x-ray energies need to be more like 20 keV.
 
  • #3
Definitely in the keV region. From memory, Cu Kα, a common source, is around 8 keV.
 
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After turning in the work today, the professor mentioned there was a typo in the book and he failed to email us to tell us that before hand. It was in fact supposed to be 20 keV.
 
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1. What is Bragg's Law for X-Ray?

Bragg's Law is a scientific principle that describes the relationship between the wavelength of X-rays, the angle of incidence, and the spacing of atoms in a crystal lattice. It is used to calculate the diffraction patterns produced by X-ray beams and is essential in determining the structure of crystals.

2. How is Bragg's Law used in X-Ray crystallography?

Bragg's Law is used in X-ray crystallography to determine the atomic and molecular structure of crystals. By measuring the angles at which X-rays are diffracted by a crystal and using Bragg's Law, scientists can calculate the distances between the crystal's atoms and ultimately create a detailed picture of the crystal's structure.

3. What is the significance of the Bragg angle in X-Ray diffraction?

The Bragg angle is the angle at which X-rays are diffracted by a crystal. It is a crucial factor in X-ray diffraction experiments as it determines the intensity and position of the diffraction peaks. By adjusting the angle, scientists can obtain specific information about the crystal's structure and composition.

4. How is Bragg's angle for X-Ray calculated?

Bragg's angle for X-ray is calculated using the equation θ = λ / (2d sin θ), where θ is the Bragg angle, λ is the wavelength of the X-rays, and d is the distance between atomic planes in the crystal lattice. This equation is derived from Bragg's Law and is essential in determining the atomic structure of crystals.

5. What factors can affect the accuracy of Bragg's angle in X-Ray diffraction?

Several factors can affect the accuracy of Bragg's angle in X-Ray diffraction, including the wavelength of the X-rays, the quality and orientation of the crystal, and any imperfections in the crystal lattice. Additionally, instrumental error and human error can also impact the accuracy of the Bragg angle measurement.

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