Calculate Equilibrium Temperature

In summary, the problem involves adding 1kg of ice at -30° C to 10 kg of steam at 500°C. The questions are: a) What is the final phase of the system if no heat escapes? b) What is the final temperature when equilibrium is established? The equations used are Q=mc(delta)T and Q=mL. The final phase is assumed to be steam, and the specific heats and latent heats are provided for further calculations.
  • #1
McDonell
11
0

Homework Statement



A 1kg of ice at -30° C is added to 10 kg of steam at 500°C. answer the following questions: a) What is the final phase of the system of ice + steam if no heat escaped from it.
b) What is the final temperature when the equilibrium is established


Homework Equations



Q= mc (delta) T
Q= mL

The Attempt at a Solution



I am assuming that the final phase will be steam.

I have tried multiple times, but I cannot seem to get the answer. I know that

Q(-30 --> 0) + Q (ice fusion) + Q(0 --> 100) + Q(heat of vaporization) + Q(Tf - 100) = Q(Tf - 500).

Any help would be greatly appreciated
 
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  • #2
Why don't you start by showing your calculated values for the various heats that you know (the individual terms of the expression you wrote).
 
  • #3
I am assuming that the final phase will be steam.
What is your reasoning for this?
(May be a fair bet for the masses involved - but you shouldn't be guessing.)

L_{v}=2252kJ/kg
L_{m}=144kJ/kg
C_p = 4.2kJ/kgK (approx 0 - 100C)
for steam (100C+) it can vary a LOT.
http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/water-thermal-properties-d_162.html
 

1. How is equilibrium temperature calculated?

Equilibrium temperature is calculated using the Stefan-Boltzmann law, which states that the radiated energy of an object is proportional to the fourth power of its absolute temperature. This means that the equilibrium temperature can be found by setting the incoming solar radiation equal to the outgoing thermal radiation.

2. What factors affect the equilibrium temperature of an object?

The equilibrium temperature of an object is affected by several factors, including the object's albedo (reflectivity), its distance from the sun, and the composition and thickness of its atmosphere. Other factors such as rotation rate and greenhouse gases can also play a role.

3. How does the greenhouse effect impact equilibrium temperature?

The greenhouse effect is the process by which certain gases in an atmosphere trap heat, preventing it from escaping into space. This leads to an increase in the equilibrium temperature of the planet, as more heat is retained. Without the greenhouse effect, the Earth's average equilibrium temperature would be much colder.

4. Can the equilibrium temperature of a planet change over time?

Yes, the equilibrium temperature of a planet can change over time due to various factors such as changes in atmospheric composition, solar output, or the planet's orbit. Human activities, such as the emission of greenhouse gases, can also impact the equilibrium temperature of a planet.

5. How is the concept of equilibrium temperature used in climate science?

In climate science, equilibrium temperature is used to understand and predict changes in the Earth's climate due to natural and human-induced factors. By analyzing the equilibrium temperature of a planet, scientists can make projections about future climate patterns and the potential impacts of global warming.

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