Calculating v_0 and i_0 with KVL & Ohm's Law

  • Thread starter Thread starter preimmortal
  • Start date Start date
  • Tags Tags
    Kvl Law Ohm's law
Click For Summary
SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the voltage v_0 and current i_0 using Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL) and Ohm's Law in a circuit with a source voltage v_s = 1. The user initially derived the equations for three mesh currents (i1, i2, i3) and attempted to solve them using Cramer's Rule. The correct values for v_0 and i_0 were determined to be 0.2 Volts and 0.2 Amps, respectively, but the expected answers were 0.5 Volts and 0.5 Amps. The discrepancy was attributed to errors in matrix calculations, specifically in determining the determinants.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL)
  • Familiarity with Ohm's Law (V = IR)
  • Knowledge of Cramer's Rule for solving linear equations
  • Basic skills in matrix operations and determinants
NEXT STEPS
  • Review the application of Kirchhoff's Voltage Law in circuit analysis
  • Practice solving circuits using Cramer's Rule with various configurations
  • Learn about mesh analysis techniques in electrical engineering
  • Explore common pitfalls in matrix determinant calculations
USEFUL FOR

Electrical engineering students, circuit designers, and anyone involved in analyzing electrical circuits using KVL and Ohm's Law.

preimmortal
Messages
13
Reaction score
0

Homework Statement


In the figure, calculate v_0 and i_0 when v_s = 1
43.jpg


Homework Equations


Using Mesh Currents:
KVL: The sum of all voltages around a closed loop is equal to zero.
Ohm's Law: V = IR
Cramer's Rule: i2 = delta2/delta

The Attempt at a Solution


I first designated the lower left loop as i1, the lower right loop as i2 and the top loop as i3 (All going counter clockwise).
I noted that v_s = 1 and i0 = i2
Using KVL, I found the equations for each mesh.
Mesh 1: -v_s + 1(i1-i3) + 1(i1-i2) = 0
2*i1 - i2 - i3 = v_s
2*i1 - i2 - i3 = 1

Mesh 2: 1*i2 + 1(i2-i1) + 1(i2-i3) = 0
-i1 + 3i2 - i3 = 0

Mesh 3: 1*i3 + 1(i3-i2) + 1(i3-i1) = 0
-i1 - i2 + 3*i3 = 0

So I have my three equations and three unknowns. I also know that v0 is the voltage drop across the 1 ohm resistor, which is v0 = ir = i2*1 = i2 and the current i0 is the same as i2 since it is in the same loop i0 = i2.

So I create a matrix with the three equations and attempt to solve the matrix using determinants and Cramer's rule.[ 2 -1 -1 ] [i1] = [1]
[ -1 3 -1 ] [i2] = [0]
[ -1 -1 3 ] [i3] = [0]

delta = det(A) = 2(9-1) + 1(-3-1) - 1(-1+3) = 10
delta2 = det(A (with 2nd column as 1, 0, 0)) = 2*0 - 1(-3+1) + -1*0 = 2

So i2 = delta2/delta = 2/10 = .2 Amps
v0 = i2*1 = .2 Volts
i0 = i2 = .2 Amps

I checked through my equations and these seems like the correct answers, but the solution says that it is .5 amps and .5 volts. Any insight on why the answer would be different would be helpful.
 
Last edited:
Physics news on Phys.org


det(A) is not 10, and the determinant of your adjoint matrix for i2 is not 2. Better check your matrix math!
 


Wow I fail at adding and subtracting. Thanks for your input, got the correct determinants now.
 

Similar threads

  • · Replies 5 ·
Replies
5
Views
2K
  • · Replies 7 ·
Replies
7
Views
2K
  • · Replies 26 ·
Replies
26
Views
3K
  • · Replies 7 ·
Replies
7
Views
3K
  • · Replies 14 ·
Replies
14
Views
3K
Replies
9
Views
2K
  • · Replies 4 ·
Replies
4
Views
3K
  • · Replies 8 ·
Replies
8
Views
2K
Replies
18
Views
2K
  • · Replies 7 ·
Replies
7
Views
2K