Calculus Question related to Temperature

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Homework Statement


Show that under reasonable physical assumptions, there must be, at any instant of time, two diametrically opposed points on the equator of the Earth at which the temperature is exactly the same.


The Attempt at a Solution


not sure how to apporach this question. It's from a calculus class, but I don't know what type of method i should use to prove this?
 
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Construct a function which somehow compares the temperature at a point with the temperature at the antipodal point, and use one of your basic theorems about continuous functions.
 
Prove $$\int\limits_0^{\sqrt2/4}\frac{1}{\sqrt{x-x^2}}\arcsin\sqrt{\frac{(x-1)\left(x-1+x\sqrt{9-16x}\right)}{1-2x}} \, \mathrm dx = \frac{\pi^2}{8}.$$ Let $$I = \int\limits_0^{\sqrt 2 / 4}\frac{1}{\sqrt{x-x^2}}\arcsin\sqrt{\frac{(x-1)\left(x-1+x\sqrt{9-16x}\right)}{1-2x}} \, \mathrm dx. \tag{1}$$ The representation integral of ##\arcsin## is $$\arcsin u = \int\limits_{0}^{1} \frac{\mathrm dt}{\sqrt{1-t^2}}, \qquad 0 \leqslant u \leqslant 1.$$ Plugging identity above into ##(1)## with ##u...
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