A MOSFET can be used in a function generator circuit, but the NE555 astable timer is recommended for varying frequency. To maintain a consistent duty cycle while changing frequency, adjusting the capacitor is ideal. For a 50% duty cycle, using a 7474 D-type flip flop to divide the NE555 output allows for frequency variation through a resistor. The Intersil ICL 8038 chip offers sine, triangle, and square wave outputs but requires dual voltage power and calibration for frequency accuracy. Direct digital synthesizers are also an option, often used with microcontrollers for precise frequency control.