Capacitance Problem: Find Potential Difference Change

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In summary, when an empty capacitor connected to a 12.0 V battery is charged and then disconnected, inserting a dielectric material with a k value of 2.8 between the plates causes the potential difference to decrease by 7.7 V. This is due to the constant values of A, ε, d, and Q, and the change in k from 1 to 2.8.
  • #1
Gamerex
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The Problem: An empty capacitor is connected to a 12.0 V battery and charged up. The capacitor is then disconnected from the battery, and a slab of dielectric material (k=2.8) is inserted between the plates. Find the amount by which the potential difference changes, and state whether this change is an increase or a decrease.

My attempt at a solution:

Using the equations Q=CV and C=(k*A*ε)/d

And considering that A, ε, d, and Q stay constant,
And k is 1 to begin with since the space is empty, and 2.8 after the material is inserted,

I get
1*12(volts)=2.8V
Thus, V=4.3 Volts.

However, the book gives the answer as 7.7 V. Help?
 
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  • #2
Everything's ok except you didn't quite answer the question as stated. You want to find how much V changes.
 
Last edited:
  • #3
Oh, I see!

ΔV=Vf-Vi=4.3V-12V=-7.7 V

Thus, the voltage decreases by 7.7 V.

Thanks for your help!
 

Related to Capacitance Problem: Find Potential Difference Change

1. What is capacitance?

Capacitance is the ability of a system to store electric charge. It is measured in Farads (F) and is determined by the geometry and material of the system.

2. How do you calculate capacitance?

Capacitance can be calculated by dividing the amount of charge stored (Q) by the potential difference (V) between the plates of a capacitor, as shown by the equation C=Q/V.

3. What is the potential difference change in a capacitance problem?

The potential difference change in a capacitance problem refers to the difference in voltage between two points in a circuit that are separated by a capacitor. It is a measure of the energy stored in the capacitor.

4. How do you find the potential difference change in a capacitance problem?

The potential difference change in a capacitance problem can be found by rearranging the capacitance equation to solve for V. This can be done by multiplying both sides by V and then dividing by C, giving the equation V=Q/C.

5. How does capacitance affect the potential difference change?

The greater the capacitance, the smaller the potential difference change will be for a given amount of charge. This is because a larger capacitance means that more charge can be stored in the system, resulting in a smaller change in voltage for the same amount of charge.

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