Converting to Polar Coordinates

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The discussion focuses on converting a double integral from Cartesian to polar coordinates. The integrand is identified as (rcosθ)(rsinθ)rdrdθ, with r ranging from 0 to 3 based on the equation x² + y² = 9. The main challenge is determining the correct limits of integration, particularly for the first integral, which is from 0 to 3/√2. Participants emphasize the importance of visualizing the integration region, which includes a semi-circle and the line x = y. A sketch of the region is recommended to clarify the integration boundaries.
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Homework Statement



Convert ∫ from 0 to 3/√2 ∫ from y to √(9-y^2) of xydxdy to polar form.


Homework Equations



x2+y2=r2

The Attempt at a Solution



I found the equation x2+y^2=9 from the upper range of the second integral. So r=3. Therefore r ranges from 0 to 3. The integrand is now (rcosθ)(rsinθ)rdrdθ.

I'm having trouble with the range of integration of the first integral (0 to 3/√2). From the other information, I think that the area I'm integrating is from -π/2 to π/2. This is wrong. Any hints? Thanks.
 
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1question said:

Homework Statement



Convert ∫ from 0 to 3/√2 ∫ from y to √(9-y^2) of xydxdy to polar form.


Homework Equations



x2+y2=r2

The Attempt at a Solution



I found the equation x2+y^2=9 from the upper range of the second integral. So r=3. Therefore r ranges from 0 to 3. The integrand is now (rcosθ)(rsinθ)rdrdθ.

I'm having trouble with the range of integration of the first integral (0 to 3/√2). From the other information, I think that the area I'm integrating is from -π/2 to π/2. This is wrong. Any hints? Thanks.

It's essential in these kinds of problems to have a good understanding of what the region of integration looks like. Can you describe, in words, what this region looks like?
What does the lower limit of integration, y, represent?
 
Oh. Is it the straight line x=y?

The region I've got so far is a semi-circle from -pi/2 to pi/2. Not really sure how to deal with the x=y.
 
Last edited:
Here's your integral:
$$ \int_{y = 0}^{3/\sqrt{2}} \int_{x = y}^{\sqrt{9 - y^2}}~xy~dx~dy$$
If you click on the integral, you can see the LaTeX I wrote to produce it.
The inner integration goes across, from left to right, from the line to your half circle. The outer integration goes up from y = 0 to y = 3/√2.

You should draw a sketch of this region.
 
Question: A clock's minute hand has length 4 and its hour hand has length 3. What is the distance between the tips at the moment when it is increasing most rapidly?(Putnam Exam Question) Answer: Making assumption that both the hands moves at constant angular velocities, the answer is ## \sqrt{7} .## But don't you think this assumption is somewhat doubtful and wrong?

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