Change of Variables: Integrals w/Polar Coordinates

In summary, the two given integrals, ∫∫erdrdθ where -1≤r≤1 and 0≤θ≤π and ∫∫erdrdθ where 0≤r≤1 and 0≤θ≤2π, have different values because the function e^r is not an even function. This means that the integrand is not dependent on θ, resulting in different values for the integrals. This is not a problem involving a change of variables, as the integral can be evaluated directly.
  • #1
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Homework Statement
Please explain why the integrals yield two different values.
Relevant Equations
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We have two different integrals, the first one being ∫∫erdrdθ where -1≤r≤1 and 0≤θ≤π which equals approximately 7 and ∫∫erdrdθ where 0≤r≤1 and 0≤θ≤2π which equals approximately 11. Why do these integrals have different values and do not go against the change of variables theorem?

I'm having trouble understanding why these both do not equal each other and how to approach demonstrating this using change of variables. I went over the change of variables for double integrals and polar coordinates but am having trouble connecting the two. Any hint would be appreciated, thank you.
 
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  • #2
Because ##e^r## is not an even function.
 
  • #3
I don't see that this is a problem involving a change of variables at all. Since ##e^r## is not a function of ##\theta##, ##\int_{0}^{\pi}\int_{-1}^{1}e^r drd\theta = \pi \int_{-1}^{1}e^r dr##
and
##\int_{0}^{2\pi}\int_{0}^{1}e^r drd\theta = 2\pi \int_{0}^{1}e^r dr##
So you are essentially asking why
##\int_{-1}^{1}e^r dr \ne 2 \int_{0}^{1}e^r dr##
 

1. What is the purpose of using polar coordinates in integrals?

Using polar coordinates allows us to integrate over circular or elliptical regions, which can be difficult to do with rectangular coordinates. It also simplifies certain integrals by eliminating the need for complex algebraic manipulations.

2. How do you convert an integral from rectangular coordinates to polar coordinates?

To convert an integral from rectangular coordinates to polar coordinates, we use the following substitutions: x = r cos(theta) and y = r sin(theta). We also need to change the limits of integration to correspond with the new coordinate system.

3. Can we use polar coordinates for any type of integral?

No, polar coordinates are only useful for certain types of integrals, specifically those involving circular or elliptical regions. For other types of regions, it may be more appropriate to use other coordinate systems, such as cylindrical or spherical coordinates.

4. What are the advantages of using polar coordinates in integrals?

One advantage is that it simplifies the integration process for certain types of regions and functions. It also allows us to integrate over non-rectangular regions, which can be difficult to do with rectangular coordinates. Additionally, polar coordinates can help us visualize and understand the geometry of the region being integrated.

5. Are there any limitations or drawbacks to using polar coordinates in integrals?

One limitation is that polar coordinates can only be used for certain types of regions, so they may not always be applicable. They also require some familiarity with trigonometry and polar coordinates, which can be challenging for some students. Additionally, converting an integral from rectangular coordinates to polar coordinates can sometimes result in more complex expressions.

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