Waves are disturbances that transfer energy through various mediums, while radiation refers specifically to the emission and transmission of energy in the form of particles or electromagnetic waves. The discussion highlights the need for clarification on the types of waves, such as sound and light waves, and the various forms of radiation, including ionizing and non-ionizing radiation. Context is essential for a deeper understanding, as the differences can vary based on the specific types being discussed. Further elaboration on what has been learned about these concepts would enhance the conversation. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for grasping fundamental physics principles.