Electric and Magnetic fields of light

Click For Summary

Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the relationship between electric and magnetic fields in light, particularly focusing on the possibility of generating light with a phase shift between these fields. Participants explore theoretical implications, practical scenarios involving lossy materials, and the behavior of light in different media.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants assert that electric and magnetic fields of light are typically in phase across the spectrum.
  • One participant suggests that while it is possible to create electric and magnetic fields that are out of phase, they would not qualify as "light" in a vacuum.
  • Another participant questions whether it is feasible to create a phase variation in a laser beam using instruments.
  • It is noted that in vacuum, generating a phase shift between the fields is not possible.
  • Some participants mention that when light propagates through lossy materials, the electric and magnetic fields can become out of phase due to absorption.
  • One participant argues that in a source-free region, a temporal or spatial phase shift between the electric and magnetic fields is not achievable, as dictated by Maxwell's equations.
  • Another participant explains that in lossy media, the complex wave number introduces an additional phase factor for the magnetic field relative to the electric field.
  • A question is raised about the behavior of the phase variation once light exits a lossy medium, specifically whether the phase difference returns to zero or persists.
  • It is suggested that upon exiting a lossy medium into a lossless one, the electric and magnetic fields would revert to being in phase.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the possibility of generating phase shifts between electric and magnetic fields in light, particularly in vacuum versus lossy media. The discussion remains unresolved regarding the implications of phase variations when transitioning between different media.

Contextual Notes

The discussion highlights limitations related to the assumptions about media properties, the definitions of light, and the conditions under which phase shifts may occur. There are unresolved mathematical aspects regarding the behavior of fields in various media.

tigor
Messages
14
Reaction score
0
It is my understanding that for all of spectrum of light Electric and Magnetic fields have the same phase.
And both fields have correlation - Magnetic fields amplitude grows along with Electric one.
I am wandering - is it possible to generate light with phase shift between fields ?
 
Physics news on Phys.org
tigor said:
is it possible to generate light with phase shift between fields ?
It is certainly possible to generate electric and magnetic fields that are out of phase, but they wouldn't radiate as a source-free wave in vacuum, so I wouldn't call it "light".
 
DaleSpam,
thank you for your response.
If i may to elaborate the debate. Is it possible to create a phase variation in a beam of light. Say, we have a laser and with help of some instruments to change the phase between the fields of that laser ?
 
If you propagate light through a lossy material (i.e. absorption occurs), then, in general, the electric and magnetic fields will be out of phase.
 
cmos said:
If you propagate light through a lossy material (i.e. absorption occurs), then, in general, the electric and magnetic fields will be out of phase.

I don't see that happening. I agree with DaleSpam (mmmm... spam) and I cannot think of a situation off-hand in a source-free region where you get a propagating wave where you can get either a temporal or spatial shift in the phase in one field over the other. The time-harmonic solution to Maxwell's equations dictates that the electric and magnetic fields must have no temporal phase shift, but the separation of variables that you get with the time-harmonic case means that the time-dependence is independent of the medium that the wave is propagating in, unless the medium itself is changing over time. Then the spatial phase dependence between the electric and magnetic fields is also the same. The magnetic field is related to the curl of the electric field, the attenuation in the electric field will have the same effect on the magnetic field. You can introduce phase shifts to the wave as it propagates, but these phase shifts are applied to both the electric and magnetic fields.
 
Born2bwire:

For harmonic waves (time and space), B is proportional to kxE. In lossy media, k is complex. Therefore, B has an additional phase factor with respect to E.
 
cmos said:
Born2bwire:

For harmonic waves (time and space), B is proportional to kxE. In lossy media, k is complex. Therefore, B has an additional phase factor with respect to E.

cmos, thank you for your reply.
With respect to propagating light through a lossy media. What would happen once beam of light is out of lossy media ? Would the phase variation return to zero or will it remain ?
 
By the same argument, if you propagate back out into a lossless medium, then the electric and magnetic fields should be back in phase with each other.
 

Similar threads

  • · Replies 22 ·
Replies
22
Views
2K
  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
1K
  • · Replies 7 ·
Replies
7
Views
2K
  • · Replies 9 ·
Replies
9
Views
4K
  • · Replies 9 ·
Replies
9
Views
2K
  • · Replies 9 ·
Replies
9
Views
1K
  • · Replies 9 ·
Replies
9
Views
3K
  • · Replies 12 ·
Replies
12
Views
1K
  • · Replies 5 ·
Replies
5
Views
2K
  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
978