Effects of Positive Electric Field on Motion of Electrons

In summary, electric current is the result of the motion of electrons through a conductor, while resistance is caused by collisions between the electrons and the nuclei of the material, resulting in heating. The effect of positive electric fields of nuclei on the motion of negative electrons is complex and not fully understood in the simplistic Bohr model. There is a low probability of electrons falling into nuclei, and the result of nuclei-electron union is not well-defined.
  • #1
bolbol2054
17
0
we know that electric current result of motion of electrons through aconductor
and resistance result of electron's collisions with matter's nuclei resulting in heating material
my question is what is the effect of positive electric field of nuclei at the motion of negative electrons ?
isn't there any Probability that the electron fall at nuclei and what may be the result of nuclei electron union ?

thank you
 
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  • #2
bolbol2054 said:
we know that electric current result of motion of electrons through aconductor
and resistance result of electron's collisions with matter's nuclei resulting in heating material
my question is what is the effect of positive electric field of nuclei at the motion of negative electrons ?
isn't there any Probability that the electron fall at nuclei and what may be the result of nuclei electron union ?

thank you

Welcome to the PF.

You will soon learn that the simplistic Bohr model of the atom is incomplete. There are multiple reasons why the "cloud" of electrons around a nucleus do not lose their KE to radiation and fall into the nucleus. Patience, grasshopper.
 

1. How does a positive electric field affect the motion of electrons?

When a positive electric field is applied to a material, it exerts a force on the negatively charged electrons within the material. This force causes the electrons to move in the direction opposite to the field, resulting in a net motion of electrons towards the positive end of the field.

2. What is the mechanism behind the effect of a positive electric field on electron motion?

The mechanism behind this effect is Coulomb's law, which states that opposite charges attract each other. The positively charged particles in the material are attracted to the negative end of the field, while the negatively charged electrons are repelled towards the positive end of the field.

3. How does the strength of the electric field affect the motion of electrons?

The strength of the electric field directly affects the force exerted on the electrons and therefore the speed at which they move. A stronger electric field will result in a greater force on the electrons, causing them to accelerate at a faster rate.

4. Can a positive electric field cause electrons to move in a specific direction?

Yes, a positive electric field can cause electrons to move in a specific direction. This is because the force exerted on the electrons is always in the opposite direction of the electric field. Therefore, by controlling the direction and strength of the field, the direction of electron motion can also be controlled.

5. What are some practical applications of the effect of a positive electric field on electron motion?

The effect of a positive electric field on electron motion has various practical applications. One example is in electronic devices such as transistors, where the movement of electrons under the influence of an electric field is used to control the flow of current. It is also used in technologies such as photovoltaics, where the positive electric field helps to generate an electric current from light energy.

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