Prove how focus of a spherical mirror = Radius of curvature/2

In summary, the focus of a spherical mirror can be calculated by dividing the radius of curvature by 2. This can be approximated using thin lens formulas, where the object distance and image distance are both equal to the radius of curvature. However, if the object distance is not equal to the image distance, the mirror equation can be used to find the focal length by setting the object distance to infinity.
  • #1
amanara
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Prove how focus of a spherical mirror = Radius of curvature/2
 
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  • #2
The quickest way (only approximate) is to use thin lens formulas:
Use fo = object distance; fi = image distance; and ffl = focal length.
So 1/fo + 1/fi = 1/ffl [basic thin lens formula]
If both fo and fi = R (radius of curvature)
then 1/R + 1/R = 1/ffl = 2/R
So ffl = R/2
 
  • #3
but what if the object distance is not equal to image distance?
 
  • #4
Does this help?

Mirror Equation (in particular the bottom section)

(I found this by a Google search for "focal length of a spherical mirror".)
 
  • #5
amanara said:
but what if the object distance is not equal to image distance?
We know that if the object is at the center of radius of curvature R, then the image is also at the center of radius of curvature. So fo = fi = R

Using the thin lens formula 1/fo + 1/fi = 1/ffl
Substituting R we get
1/R + 1/R = 1/ffl
So 2/R = 1/ffl
Now suppose the object is at infinity
1/inf. + 1/fi = 1/ffl = 2/R
then fi = R/2
 
Last edited:

1. What is the meaning of "focus of a spherical mirror"?

The focus of a spherical mirror refers to the point at which all the light rays parallel to the principal axis of the mirror converge or appear to diverge from after reflection.

2. How is the focus of a spherical mirror related to the radius of curvature?

The focus of a spherical mirror is directly related to the radius of curvature, with the focus being equal to half of the radius of curvature. This means that if the radius of curvature is doubled, the focus will also be doubled.

3. Why is the focus of a spherical mirror important?

The focus of a spherical mirror is important because it determines the magnification and clarity of the reflected image. It also plays a crucial role in the design and functionality of optical devices such as telescopes and cameras.

4. Can the focus of a spherical mirror be changed?

Yes, the focus of a spherical mirror can be changed by varying the distance between the mirror and the object being reflected, or by using a lens in front of the mirror to alter the path of the light rays.

5. How is the focus of a spherical mirror calculated?

The focus of a spherical mirror can be calculated using the formula F = R/2, where F is the focal length and R is the radius of curvature. This formula is derived from the relation between the focal length, radius of curvature, and the distance between the mirror and the object being reflected.

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