Finding Dimensions for Period of a Planet

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on solving for the constant C in the equation T = C * r^a * M^b * G^c, which relates the period of a planet to its orbital radius (r), the mass of the Sun (M), and the gravitational constant (G). The user correctly identifies that c = -1/2, leading to the exponents a = 3/2 and b = -1/2. However, confusion arises regarding the final form of the equation, specifically how T is eliminated and the treatment of the exponents. The correct answer is C = sqrt(GM) * r^(3/2), which the user struggles to derive due to misinterpretation of exponent rules.

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  • Understanding of Kepler's Third Law
  • Familiarity with dimensional analysis
  • Knowledge of Newton's law of gravitation
  • Basic algebraic manipulation of equations
NEXT STEPS
  • Review dimensional analysis techniques in physics
  • Study Kepler's laws and their implications in orbital mechanics
  • Learn about the gravitational constant G and its applications
  • Practice solving for constants in physical equations
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Students of physics, particularly those studying orbital mechanics, as well as educators looking for examples of dimensional analysis in practical applications.

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Homework Statement


Hi! This is from Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Vol. 6 by Tipler and Mosca.

44. Kepler's third law relates the period of a planet to its orbital radius r, the constant G in Newton's law of gravitation, and the mass of the Sun Ms . What combination of these factors gives the correct dimensions for the period of a planet?

Homework Equations


F = Gm1m2/r2
G = [L3/MT2]
T=C*ra*Mb*Gc

The Attempt at a Solution



I'm trying to solve for C in the final equation given.

The big problem I'm having here comes after solving for the exponents in the third equation there...

[T] = [L]a[M]b[[L3/MT2]c

Next I distribute exponents and combine the like terms...

[T] = La+3cMb-cT-2c

Okay, now I solve for C using the T1 on the left side of the equation...

-2c = 1
c = -1/2

Now I have C, the other variables come to me... eheAHEUAEU

a+3(-1/2) = 0
b-c = 0
a = 3/2
b = -1/2

With the exponents solved for, I return to my original equation:

T=C*ra*Mb*Gc

Only now, I sub them in.

T=C*r3/2*M-1/2*G-1/2

THIS is where I have a problem! :( The answer given to this set was C = sqrt(GM)*r3/2.

Can someone tell me what I'm doing wrong? I don't see how T gets removed or why the negative squareroots become positive while the 3/2 remains the same

ANY HELP IS APPRECIATED ! :( So stuck :(
 
Last edited:
Physics news on Phys.org
Made a mistake with T^(-2a).. it's actually T^(-2c)! Fixed that mistake. Sorry :X

Still need help though... :(
 
Last edited:

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