Fourier transform question (optics)

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the diffraction pattern I(X) from a defined light source a(x) using Fourier transforms. The light source is represented as a(x) = Acos(pi*x/a)[theta(x+(a/2)) - theta(x-(a/2))]. The equation for the diffraction pattern is given by I(X) = 2pi|a~((2pi/(LAMBDA*d))*X)|², where a~(k) is the Fourier transform of a(x). The user attempts to compute a~(k) using integration and Euler's method but encounters difficulties in simplifying the result to a usable form for I(X).

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Homework Statement



a light source a(x) is defined by

a(x) = Acos(pi*x/a)[theta(x+(a/2)) -theta(x-(a/2))]

calculate the diffraction pattern I(X)


Homework Equations



I(X)=2pi|a~((2pi/(LAMBDA*d))*X)|2

this is the equation for a diffraction pattern on a screen at distance d from a 1D souce
of light with wavelength LAMBDA, where a~(k) is the Fourier transform of a(x)



The Attempt at a Solution



using the Fourier transform

a~(k) = A/sqrt(2pi)(integrate)[exp^(-ikx) * cos((pi*x)/a)]

(integrating over the range -a/2 to a/2)

i then use euler's method to change cosine term into exponential terms, then simplify to get

= A/2*sqrt(2pi)(integrate)[exp^((i*pi*x)/a)-(ikx)) +exp^(-(i*pi*x)/a)-(ikx))]

(integrating over the range -a/2)

the answer i get once i have simplified won't simplify down to trig terms and so makes no sense when i put the value of a~(k) into the equation for I(X). how can this integral be performed elegantly to give a decent looking answer? any help would be great
 
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