Geodesic flows on compact surfaces

In summary, the question being discussed is whether a geodesic flow on a compact 2 dimensional Riemannian manifold without boundary always has a geodesic that is orthogonal to the flow. Examples on a sphere and a flat torus are given, and the underlying question of when a vector field with isolated singularities can be tangent to geodesics is posed.
  • #1
lavinia
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Does a geodesic flow on a compact surface - compact 2 dimensional Riemannian manifold without boundary - always have a geodesic that is orthogonal to the flow?
 
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  • #2
some words from an ignorant rookie: harmonic? isothermal?
 
  • #3
mathwonk said:
some words from an ignorant rookie: harmonic? isothermal?

Not sure if it is an interesting question but here is an example.

On the sphere take the great circles connecting the north and south poles. The orthogonal circles to them are not geodesics except at the equator which is itself a great circle. So in this case the answer is yes and the geodesic is unique.

On a flat torus the orthogonal curves are always geodesics.

The underlying question I am really asking is when can a vector field with isolated singularities be everywhere tangent to geodesics. For the sphere with the usual metric the vector field must be tangent to great circles. But what is the metric is different? Can a vector field with a singularity of index -1 be tangent to geodesics?
 

1. What are geodesic flows on compact surfaces?

Geodesic flows on compact surfaces are a type of dynamical system that describe the motion of particles on a curved, closed surface. These flows follow the shortest path between points on the surface, known as geodesics, and can be used to model the behavior of objects in physical systems such as fluids or celestial bodies.

2. How are geodesic flows on compact surfaces studied?

Geodesic flows on compact surfaces are typically studied using mathematical tools such as differential geometry and dynamical systems theory. This allows for the analysis of the behavior and properties of the flow, as well as the identification of critical points and other important features.

3. What are some real-world applications of geodesic flows on compact surfaces?

Geodesic flows on compact surfaces have many practical applications, such as in the study of ocean and atmospheric currents, the motion of planets and satellites, and the behavior of particles in magnetic fields. They are also used in computer graphics and animation to simulate realistic movements of objects.

4. How do geodesic flows on compact surfaces differ from other types of dynamical systems?

Geodesic flows on compact surfaces differ from other dynamical systems in that they are constrained to a closed and curved surface, rather than an open and flat space. This adds additional complexity to the analysis and behavior of the flow, as it must adhere to the curvature and topology of the surface.

5. What are some ongoing research topics related to geodesic flows on compact surfaces?

Some current research topics related to geodesic flows on compact surfaces include the study of chaotic behavior, the development of numerical methods for simulating these flows, and the application of these flows to problems in physics and engineering. Additionally, there is ongoing research on the behavior of geodesic flows on non-compact surfaces and higher-dimensional spaces.

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