How can the current density and magnetic field affect Earth's total current?

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the current density of protons in the solar wind, which is given as 6.74E-7 A/m², and determining the total current Earth would receive if its magnetic field did not deflect these protons. The relevant equation used is J=I/A, where J represents current density, I is total current, and A is the area. A key point of confusion arises regarding whether to use the surface area of the Earth or the cross-sectional area for the calculation, highlighting the importance of understanding the geometry involved in these calculations.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of current density and its calculation
  • Familiarity with the equation J=I/A
  • Knowledge of Earth's radius for area calculations
  • Basic concepts of solar wind and its properties
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the calculation of the surface area of a sphere and its cross-sectional area
  • Learn about the properties of solar wind and its impact on Earth
  • Explore the effects of Earth's magnetic field on charged particles
  • Study the implications of current density in astrophysical contexts
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Students studying physics, particularly those focusing on electromagnetism and astrophysics, as well as educators seeking to clarify concepts related to current density and solar wind interactions with Earth.

juggalomike
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Homework Statement


Near Earth, the density of protons in the solar wind (a stream of particles from the Sun) is 8.60 cm-3 and their speed is about 490 km/s.
(a) Find the current density of these protons.
6.74E-7 A/m^2
(b) If Earth's magnetic field did not deflect the protons, what total current would Earth receive?


Homework Equations


J=I/A


The Attempt at a Solution


Using the equation above i used J*A=I, the problem is the area is used for the Earth is apparently wrong(as i know my J is correct), so i looked online for it again and found 2 more answers(all the same numbers but to different powers of 10). Anyone know the actual surface area of the earth?(i would try plugging on all the ones i find but I am limited on attempts for this question and i already used 2/5 of my tries)
 
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All those protons will reach the Earth which are in the beam of cross-section equal to that of the Earth.

ehild
 
What surface area do you need, the sphere or crossection?
 
Lok said:
What surface area do you need, the sphere or crossection?

id assume surface, what is corssection?
 
juggalomike said:
id assume surface, what is corssection?

There is the surface of the earth, which is somewhat a sphere or it's crossssection or the surface the electrons hit, so the area of a circle with the radius of earth. Which one have you been looking for and which one do you need?
 

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