To find the equivalent stiffness (k') and damping (c') of a suspension system, potential energy methods can be applied, combining spring energies while considering springs in series as resistors in parallel. The potential energy can be expressed as V=k(eq)*x^2, leading to a formulation involving k terms. Damping factors are often overlooked in stiffness calculations, complicating the integration of dampers into the analysis. An alternative approach involves creating a free body diagram (FBD) of the masses and applying Laplace transforms to derive transfer functions. Additional resources, such as supplemental notes on equivalent viscous damping, may provide further insights into the topic.