To determine the speed at the end of the arm, the discussion focuses on applying principles of physics, specifically conservation of energy and Hooke's law. The scenario involves a spring exerting a force of 51765 lbf on a 3-foot long arm, which weighs 2.1 lbs, with a pivot point located 1 foot from the top. Participants suggest calculating the potential energy of the spring when the arm is stationary and then finding the angular velocity when the potential energy is converted entirely to kinetic energy. This approach will allow for the determination of the final velocity at the bottom of the arm. The conversation emphasizes the importance of understanding energy transformations in this mechanical system.