Impedance matching and Smith diagram.

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Discussion Overview

The discussion centers around impedance matching and the use of Smith diagrams in the context of a transmission line and matching network. Participants explore the calculations and concepts related to matching a load with a specific impedance and the implications of using cutoff stubs.

Discussion Character

  • Technical explanation
  • Mathematical reasoning
  • Homework-related
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant poses a question about using a Smith chart to determine possible values of distance d for impedance matching.
  • Another participant attempts to solve for d=0.1λ and provides calculations for impedances at different points on the Smith chart.
  • A request is made for clearer images of calculations and charts to facilitate understanding.
  • Discussion arises regarding the concept of cutoff stubs, with one participant expressing uncertainty about their definition and function.
  • A later reply clarifies that cutoff stubs refer to stubs with zero admittance at their extremities and presents a method to calculate the lengths of these stubs based on movement along the Smith chart.
  • Participants share their numerical findings and approaches, with one seeking validation of their calculations and reasoning regarding stub lengths.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express varying levels of understanding regarding cutoff stubs, and while some calculations are shared, there is no consensus on the correctness of the numerical values or approaches taken. The discussion remains unresolved on certain aspects, particularly regarding the interpretation of cutoff stubs.

Contextual Notes

There are limitations in the clarity of the provided diagrams and calculations, which may affect the understanding of the discussed concepts. Additionally, the definitions and implications of cutoff stubs are not universally agreed upon among participants.

Who May Find This Useful

This discussion may be of interest to students and practitioners in electrical engineering, particularly those focused on transmission line theory, impedance matching, and the application of Smith charts in practical scenarios.

peripatein
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May I pose a question concerning impedance matching and Smith diagrams?
 
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If you don't have a hurry i can take look.
 
I'd certainly be grateful :-).
Please see attached diagram. The question reads as follows:
In order to match (impedance wise) a transmission line without any losses to a load with impedance ZL the matching network is used, as shown in the diagram attached. Both Z2 and Y1 in the diagram are pure imaginary and connected in parallel and in series (as shown) to a transmission line of length d. It is stated that the matching network cannot match a load with admittance whose real part is greater than 1.6. I am then asked to use a Smith chart to determine the possible values of d. I did that, hopefully successfully, and obtained d=0.133λ, 0.383λ. The question then states the possible values of d to be d1=0.4λ and d2=0.1λ. The normalized Y1 and Z2 of the network are also given, as Y1=1.2j and Z2=1.2j. At this point I am asked to find all the possible values of the normalized admittance YL for which a perfect matching is obtained at point A in the diagram.
I am not really sure how to determine that using the Smith chart. I have tried writing the following equation, but I am not sure it'd get me somewhere:
YinA=1=Y2+YinT+Y1+YL, all normalized of course and where YinT refers to the transmission line.
I'd appreciate some guidance.
 

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I try to solve for d=0.1λ. If it is correct you can follow same procedure.

Firts, if there is a match, impedance of point A should be 1.
Now, we can find impedance of point B(please check attachments).
ZB=ZA-Z2=1-1.2j

Now, show this impedance on the chart. Wave length of this point is 0.168λ(towards the load). If we turn 0.1λ towards the load we can find impedance of point C.

ZC=3+1.8j . YC=(1)/(ZC)

YC=0.311-0.083j
YC=YL+Y1
YL=0.311-1.28j

I hope this is helpful :)
 

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Would it please be possible for you to take better shots of the two sheets (calculations+chart)? It is very difficult to read them.
 
I'm sorry about the pics. Here, i hope it is better
 

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It looks great, thank you so, so much!
The last section of the question says that Y1 and Z2 are now implemented via cutoff stubs of length l1 and l2 respectively. I am asked to find the shortest lengths. What are cutoff stubs? Are they stubs with cutoff at their extremity (instead of, let's say, short)?
 
I don't know what is a cutoff stub. For double stub matching you can check the book Microwave Engineering by David Pozar.
 
I have asked my instructor for clarification on the "cutoff stubs" and it appears the question asks for a way to realize Z2 and Y1 using two stubs which have a cutoff at their extremities, i.e. zero admittance. I hence tried to move towards the generator along the circle r=0 from the leftmost extremity in the chart (where Y=0) to Y1 (=1.2j). The distance was found to be 0.14λ. I then moved along the same path until I reached Y2=-0.83j, a distance equal to 0.39λ. I therefore concluded that these should be the lengths of the stubs used in order to realize Z2 and Y1. Does that seem correct to you (my approach and numerical values obtained)?
 

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