Invertibilility of AB given that B is not invertible

  • Thread starter Mr Davis 97
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In summary, when A and B are n by n matrices and A is invertible while B is not invertible, it can be shown that AB is also not invertible. This can be easily demonstrated using determinants, but it can also be proven by considering the non-trivial kernel of B and applying AB to a vector from it. This also applies to the case of BA, where the invertibility of A allows for finding a vector in the kernel of B.
  • #1
Mr Davis 97
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Homework Statement


Let A and B be n by n matrices such that A is invertible and B is not invertible. Then, AB is not invertible.

Homework Equations

The Attempt at a Solution


It is easy to show using determinants: det(AB) = det(A)det(B)= 0, so AB is not invertible if either A or B are not invertible.

Is there an easy way to show this without the use of determinants? I'm just curious
 
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  • #2
If B is not invertible, it has a non-trivial kernel. Take a vector from it and apply AB.
 
  • #3
fresh_42 said:
If B is not invertible, it has a non-trivial kernel. Take a vector from it and apply AB.
I see. So then AB has a non-trivial kernel, which means that AB is not invertible.

What about if we wanted to show that BA is not invertible, given that B is not invertible?
 
  • #4
Mr Davis 97 said:
I see. So then AB has a non-trivial kernel, which means that AB is not invertible.

What about if we wanted to show that BA is not invertible, given that B is not invertible?
The same. Since A is invertible, we can find a y to an element x of B's kernel, such that x=Ay. Now Bx=0=BAy and y is in the kernel of BA.
 
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  • #5
fresh_42 said:
The same. Since A is invertible, we can find a y to an element x of B's kernel, such that x=Ay. Now Bx=0=BAy and y is in the kernel of BA.
Ah! Makes perfect sense. Thanks
 

1. What does it mean for a matrix to be invertible?

For a matrix to be invertible, it means that it has an inverse matrix that, when multiplied together, results in the identity matrix.

2. Can a matrix be invertible if its determinant is zero?

No, a matrix cannot be invertible if its determinant is zero. The determinant is a key factor in determining if a matrix has an inverse.

3. How does the invertibility of matrix B affect the invertibility of matrix AB?

If matrix B is not invertible, then matrix AB cannot be invertible. This is because the non-invertibility of B means that there is no inverse matrix that can cancel out its effects when multiplied with A.

4. What is the relationship between the invertibility of a matrix and its row operations?

A matrix is invertible if and only if its row operations result in the identity matrix. This means that the row operations must be able to transform the matrix into a simpler form that can be easily inverted.

5. Can a matrix be invertible if it has non-zero entries in its null space?

No, a matrix cannot be invertible if it has non-zero entries in its null space. The null space represents the vectors that get mapped to the zero vector when multiplied by the matrix, and an invertible matrix cannot map any non-zero vector to the zero vector.

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