Is the Cosmic Microwave Background Linked to Dark Energy?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion centers on the potential relationship between the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and dark energy, particularly whether the CMB could be evidence of dark energy driving the universe's accelerating expansion. Participants explore theoretical implications, energy densities, and the effects of dark energy on cosmic structures.

Discussion Character

  • Debate/contested
  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification

Main Points Raised

  • One participant proposes that the CMB and dark energy share properties of being uniform and all-pervasive, suggesting that the implications of the CMB may have been under-interpreted.
  • Another participant counters that the CMB has positive pressure, while dark energy is defined by negative pressure, arguing that the CMB lacks sufficient energy density to be linked to dark energy.
  • A participant questions the energy density of dark energy, leading to a clarification that dark energy's density is actually over twice that of all matter, while the radiation density of the CMB is negligible at the current epoch.
  • Further elaboration indicates that while the CMB contributes to understanding dark energy, it is not directly affected by it, as dark energy density was inconsequential compared to matter density when the CMB was emitted.
  • Another participant notes that dark energy influences the evolution of large structures and affects the temperature differences in the CMB across vast distances.
  • There is a confirmation regarding the comparison of dark energy density to matter density, with a participant checking their calculations against universal-scale energy densities.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the relationship between the CMB and dark energy, with no consensus reached on whether the CMB serves as evidence for dark energy or how the two concepts interact.

Contextual Notes

Participants reference the energy densities of dark energy and the CMB, indicating that assumptions about their relative densities may need reevaluation. The discussion also highlights the complexity of cosmic structure evolution and the implications of dark energy on the universe's geometry.

RankAstronamateur
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Is it possible that the cosmic microwave background is actually evidence of dark energy, and is driving the accelerating expansion of the universe?

It seems that CMB has - and dark energy is hypothesised to have - similar properties of being uniform and all-pervasive; perhaps the theoretical implications of the observed CMB have been under-interpreted so far?

Or not.
 
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No. The CMB is a radiation component in the Universe, it has positive pressure. Dark energy by definition has negative pressure. Furthermore, the CMB does not even come close to having a large enough energy density.
 
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Doesn't dark energy have a very low energy density?
 
RankAstronamateur said:
Doesn't dark energy have a very low energy density?
No, it's over twice as high as the density of all matter (baryonic and dark). Radiation density at this epoch in the evolution of the universe is negligibly small.
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Astro/denpar.html

It would be good for you to reexamine where the perception of low DE density came from.
 
RankAstronamateur said:
Is it possible that the cosmic microwave background is actually evidence of dark energy, and is driving the accelerating expansion of the universe?
The CMB contributes to our understanding of dark energy, but isn't affected by it directly all that much.

Dark energy has an energy density that is close to constant with time. But matter dilutes as galaxies move away from one another. Back when the CMB was emitted, the universe's average matter density was about a billion times its current value. Thus the dark energy density at the time was completely inconsequential compared to the matter density.

However, in the later universe dark energy has a subtle effect on how large structures (like galaxy clusters and larger) evolve over time. This has the effect of increasing the CMB temperature differences between places on the sky separated by large distances (regions of the universe with more matter pick up a small blueshift, while regions of the universe with less pick up a small redshift).

Dark energy also affects the geometry: the CMB shows a universe that is very nearly spatially flat, but the current expansion rate is too small compared to the current matter density to make the universe spatially flat. Dark energy fills the gap.
 
Bandersnatch said:
No, it's over twice as high as the density of all matter (baryonic and dark). Radiation density at this epoch in the evolution of the universe is negligibly small.
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Astro/denpar.html

It would be good for you to reexamine where the perception of low DE density came from.
Quick question. Is it approximately 2.7 times denser? Just checking to make sure my math is close.
 
Correct.
Just remember what it means when you say that. This is comparing universal-scale energy densities.
 

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