Laplace Transforms: Transfer Functions, and IVT/FVT Problems

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on solving Laplace Transform problems, specifically finding transfer functions and applying the Initial Value Theorem (IVT) and Final Value Theorem (FVT). The transfer function for the given linear time-invariant causal system is derived as H(s) = (s^2 + 4s + 7) / (s^3 + 5s^2 + 3s + 1). The inverse Laplace transforms for the functions F_1(s) and F_2(s) are calculated, yielding f_1(t) = 4/3 - e^{-t} - (e^{-3t}/3) and f_2(t) = e^{-t}cos(3t) - (e^{-t}sin(3t)/3). The initial and final values for both functions confirm consistency across the methods used.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Laplace Transforms and their properties
  • Knowledge of linear time-invariant systems
  • Familiarity with the Initial Value Theorem (IVT) and Final Value Theorem (FVT)
  • Basic differential equations and their solutions
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of transfer functions in control systems
  • Learn more about the applications of Laplace Transforms in engineering
  • Explore advanced techniques for solving differential equations
  • Investigate the implications of IVT and FVT in system stability analysis
USEFUL FOR

Students and professionals in engineering, particularly those focusing on control systems, signal processing, and applied mathematics. This discussion is beneficial for anyone looking to deepen their understanding of Laplace Transforms and their applications in system analysis.

ConnorM
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Homework Statement


I uploaded the problem statements as a picture as well. I have completed these and was wondering if someone could check my work, and let me know if it is correct.

Problem 1.3:
Find the expression for the transfer function of this linear time-invariant causal system with input x(t) and output y(t).

H(s) = Y(s) / X(s)

y^{'''} + 5y^{''} + 3y^{'} + y = x^{''} + 4x^{'} + 7x

Problem 1.4:
Consider the following Laplace Transforms:

1. F_1 (s) = {\frac{2(s+2)}{s(s+1)(s+3)}}

2. F_2 (s) = {\frac{s}{s^2 + 2s +10}}

(a) Determine the inverse laplace transform for each function.

(b) Determine the initial value f(0^+) (if it exists) for each function using the initial value theorem (IVT).

(c) Determine the final value f(\infty) (if it exists) for each function using the final value theorem (FVT).

(d) Show that the results obtained from using the IVT and FVT are the same as those obtained by directly
evaluating the inverse Laplace transforms.

Homework Equations



IVT - x(0^+) = \displaystyle\lim_{t\rightarrow 0^+} x(t) = \displaystyle\lim_{s\rightarrow \infty} sX(s)

FVT - x(\infty) = \displaystyle\lim_{t\rightarrow \infty} x(t) = \displaystyle\lim_{s\rightarrow 0} sX(s)

The Attempt at a Solution



Problem 1.3:

s^{3}Y(s) + 5s^{2}Y(s) + 3sY(s) + Y(s) = s^{2}X(s) + 4sX(s) + 7X(s)

H(s) = Y(s) / X(s) = {\frac{s^2 + 4s + 7}{s^3 + 5s^2 + 3s + 1}}

Problem 1.4:

Here are my inverse Laplace transforms,

1. f_1 (t) = 4/3 - e^{-t} - e^{-3t}/3

2. f_2 (t) = e^{-t}cos(3t) - e^{-t}sin(3t)/3

IVT for 1.

F_1 (\infty) = 0, f_1 (0^+) = 0

FVT for 1.

F_1 (0) = 4/3, f_1 (\infty) = 4/3.

IVT for 2.

F_2 (\infty) = 1, f_2 (0) = 1

FVT for 2.

F_2 (0) = 0, f_2 (\infty) = 0

Overall I found that the initial values and final value was the same regardless of the domain of the function.
 

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