Maximum force on rope and wavefunction

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the maximum acceleration and transverse force on a rope described by the sinusoidal wave function $$\xi(x,t)=0.15sin(0.8x-50t)$$ with a linear density of ##\mu=0.012 kg/m##. The maximum acceleration of a rope element is determined to be ##375 m/s^2##, while the maximum transverse force on a 1 cm long piece of rope is calculated as ##0.045 N##. The relationship between the force and tension is explored, revealing that the maximum force can also be expressed as ##F_{max,y}=0.12 T##, leading to a calculated force of ##0.09 N##, which raises questions about the tension's role in the force calculation.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of sinusoidal wave functions
  • Familiarity with linear density in physics
  • Knowledge of wave mechanics and tension in ropes
  • Proficiency in calculus, specifically derivatives
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the wave equation and its applications in physics
  • Learn about the relationship between tension and wave speed in ropes
  • Explore the concept of maximum force and acceleration in oscillatory systems
  • Investigate the role of derivatives in calculating forces in wave mechanics
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Physics students, mechanical engineers, and anyone interested in wave mechanics and the dynamics of oscillating systems will benefit from this discussion.

Soren4
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Homework Statement


A sinusoidal wave on a rope with linear density ##\mu=0.012 kg/m## is described in SI units by $$\xi(x,t)=A sin (kx-\omega t)= 0.15sin(0.8x-50t)$$
a) find the maximum acceleration of a rope element
b) find the maximum transverse force on a piece of rope ##1 cm## long
c) Show how the force depends on the tension of the rope

Homework Equations


Wave equation

The Attempt at a Solution


a) This is simply ##a_{max}=\omega^2 A=375 m/s^2##
b) This should be ##F_{max, y}=m a_{max}=\mu \cdot 0.01 \cdot \omega^2 A = 0.045 N##
c) Tension should be related to such force by ##F_{y}=-T \frac{\partial \xi}{\partial x}## but here is the problem, since
$$\frac{\partial \xi}{\partial x}=-0.12 sin(0.8x-50t) $$

So the maximum value is ##0.12 ## and the force should be

$$F_{max,y}= 0.12 T= 0.12 \cdot \mu \cdot v^2$$

Now ##v=\frac{\omega}{k}=\frac{50}{0.8}=62.5 m/s## so it should be

$$F_{max,y}=0.09 N$$

Different from the value found in b), which is strange, did I get something wrong?
 
Last edited:
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I think I have a clue but I'm not sure... when you say that Fy= -T de/dx ...

Isn't it Fy= -2T de/dx at the maximum point ? Since the tension acts on both sides of the rope element

And the derivative of the sine is the cosine
 
Last edited by a moderator:
In the equation F=ma, how exactly is F defined? Constrast that with tension in a rope.
 

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